将 Richfaces 添加到现有的 Seam 应用程序

Question

我感觉是实验性的，想尝试将 RichFaces 3.3 添加到在 tomcat 5 上运行的现有 JBoss Seam 应用程序中。项目中存在以下内容：

Dynamic Web Module: 2.3
Java : 1.5
JavaScript: 1.0

以及以下库（包括新添加的 Richfaces 及其依赖库）：

commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-codec-1.3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-digester-1.6.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-el-1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-fileupload-1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-lang-2.1.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
cssparser-0.9.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
guava-r08.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
iText-2.1.2u.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
jstl-1.1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
jxl.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
log4j-1.2.8.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
mail.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
 myfaces-api-1.1.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
myfaces-impl-1.1.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
Opta2000.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib

richfaces-api-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
richfaces-impl-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
richfaces-ui-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib

sac.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
standard.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
tomahawk-1.1.3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
Java EE 5 Libraries

TOMCAT 5
  ant.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  ant-launcher.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  commons-collections-3.1.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\l
  commons-dbcp-1.2.1.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  commons-el.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  commons-pool-1.2.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  jasper-compiler.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  jasper-runtime.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  jsp-api.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  naming-common.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  naming-factory.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  naming-java.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  naming-resources.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  servlet-api.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  tools.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
  xercesImpl.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\endorsed
  xml-apis.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\endorsed
  JRE System Library [jdk1.5.0_19]

随后将以下内容添加到 web.xml：添加了整个web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee       http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" id="WebApp_1319603694180">   
<!-- RichFaces -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.richfaces.SKIN</param-name>
    <param-value>blueSky</param-value>
</context-param>    
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.richfaces.CONTROL_SKINNING</param-name>
    <param-value>enable</param-value>
</context-param>    
<filter>
    <display-name>RichFaces Filter</display-name>
    <filter-name>richfaces</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.ajax4jsf.Filter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>richfaces</filter-name>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
    <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
    <dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- END -->    
<filter>
    <filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
        org.apache.myfaces.webapp.filter.ExtensionsFilter
    </filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>maxFileSize</param-name>
        <param-value>20m</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<!-- extension mapping for adding <script/>, <link/>, and other resource tags to JSF-pages  -->
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
    <!-- servlet-name must match the name of your javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet entry -->
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- extension mapping for serving page-independent resources (javascript, stylesheets, images, etc.)  -->
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/faces/myFacesExtensionResource/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
    <param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
    <param-value>server</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.ALLOW_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.PRETTY_HTML</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.DETECT_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
    <param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.AUTO_SCROLL</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>    
<listener>
    <listener-class>
        org.apache.myfaces.webapp.StartupServletContextListener
    </listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
    <listener-class>
        com.exper.util.SessionExpireHandler
    </listener-class>
</listener> 
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet>
    <description>
        This is the description of my J2EE component
    </description>
    <display-name>
        This is the display name of my J2EE component
    </display-name>
    <servlet-name>homeDetail</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
        com.exper.backingbean.homeDetail
    </servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.faces</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>homescreen</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/homescreen</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
    <filter-name>Faces Servlet</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.exper.util.SessionHandler</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Faces Servlet</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.faces</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Welcome files -->
<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>jsp/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<session-config>
    <session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>

异常错误已更新：结果是我不明白的异常错误如下：

27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8083
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 531 ms
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
INFO: Starting service Catalina
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/5.0.28
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost start
INFO: XML validation disabled
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost getDeployer
INFO: Create Host deployer for direct deployment ( non-jmx ) 
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-         
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\admin.xml
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.util.LocalStrings', returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.action.ActionResources', returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.webapp.admin.ApplicationResources',         
returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-      
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\balancer.xml
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-   
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\manager.xml
27/10/2011 9:44:00 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Installing web application at context path  from URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-   
5.0.28\webapps\ROOT
27/10/2011 9:44:00 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\lib\servlet-api.jar)    
- jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class:     
javax/servlet/Servlet.class
27/10/2011 9:44:03 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
SEVERE: Error listenerStart
27/10/2011 9:44:03 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
SEVERE: Context startup failed due to previous errors
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8083
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
INFO: JK2: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/16  config=C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\conf\jk2.properties
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 5312 ms

将动态 Web 模块更新到 2.4 以与 web.xml 对齐并删除 servlet-api.jar，结果如下：

 27/10/2011 10:18:57 AM org.apache.commons.digester.Digester startElement
 SEVERE: Begin event threw error
 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletException
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1791)
at java.beans.Introspector$1.run(Introspector.java:1272)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.beans.Introspector.getPublicDeclaredMethods(Introspector.java:1270)
at java.beans.Introspector.getTargetMethodInfo(Introspector.java:1136)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:387)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:220)
at java.beans.Introspector.<init>(Introspector.java:368)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:896)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:926)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptor(PropertyUtilsBean.java:801)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.setProperty(BeanUtilsBean.java:937)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.populate(BeanUtilsBean.java:811)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils.populate(BeanUtils.java:298)
at org.apache.commons.digester.SetPropertiesRule.begin(SetPropertiesRule.java:259)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Rule.begin(Rule.java:200)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.startElement(Digester.java:1273)
at org.apache.catalina.util.CatalinaDigester.startElement(CatalinaDigester.java:65)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:489)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:528)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:250)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:424)
 Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:854)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:721)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 39 more
  java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at      
 sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:250)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:424)
 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletException
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1791)
at java.beans.Introspector$1.run(Introspector.java:1272)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.beans.Introspector.getPublicDeclaredMethods(Introspector.java:1270)
at java.beans.Introspector.getTargetMethodInfo(Introspector.java:1136)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:387)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:220)
at java.beans.Introspector.<init>(Introspector.java:368)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:896)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:926)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptor(PropertyUtilsBean.java:801)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.setProperty(BeanUtilsBean.java:937)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.populate(BeanUtilsBean.java:811)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils.populate(BeanUtils.java:298)
at org.apache.commons.digester.SetPropertiesRule.begin(SetPropertiesRule.java:259)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Rule.begin(Rule.java:200)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.startElement(Digester.java:1273)
at org.apache.catalina.util.CatalinaDigester.startElement(CatalinaDigester.java:65)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:489)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:528)
... 6 more
   Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:854)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:721)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 39 more

有人能告诉我这里出了什么问题吗？我得到：

HTTP Status 404 - /

type Status report

message /

description The requested resource (/) is not available.

Apache Tomcat/5.0.28 

Answer 1

原因：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException：参数名称和参数值都是必需的
在 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addParameter(StandardContext.java:2113)

此异常表明您在web.xml 和<context-param> 中的某个位置，其中<param-name> 或<param-value> 条目丢失或拼写错误。

---

更新根据您的问题更新：

信息：validateJarFile(C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\lib\servlet-api.jar)
- jar 未加载。请参阅 Servlet 规范 2.3，第 9.7.2 节。违规类：
javax/servlet/Servlet.class

那个 JAR 确实不属于那里。去掉它。另见How do I import the javax.servlet API in my Eclipse project?

引起我注意的另一件事是您在指定 Servlet API 版本时不一致。 Tomcat 5.0 是一个 Servlet 2.3 容器（5.5 是 Servlet 2.4；6.0 是 servlet 2.5；7.0 是 Servlet 3.0）。您已将动态 Web 项目版本设置为 2.3，这很好，但您已声明您的 web.xml 符合 Servlet 2.4。这可能在解析web.xml 时混淆了 Tomcat 5.0。此外，您的 Eclipse 构建路径提到了 Java EE 5 库（这意味着 Servlet 2.5），这也是完全错误的。您应该在项目属性的 Targeted Runtimes 部分中设置了 Tomcat 5.0。

对齐。如果您想坚持使用古老的（和 EOL 版本的）Tomcat 5.0，请在任何地方使用 Servlet 2.3。与 Servlet 2.3 兼容的 web.xml 如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
    <!-- Config here. -->
</web-app>

否则最好升级 Tomcat（并根据 Tomcat 版本调整所有内容）。您确实需要它，因为 RichFaces 3.3 需要 JSF 1.2，而 JSF 1.2 又需要 Servlet 2.5，但是当您使用 Facelets 1.x 而不是 JSP 时，可以在 Servlet 2.4 上运行。