从 CSV 文件过滤器插入表 Sqlite C#答案

【问题标题】：Insert into table Sqlite C# from CSV File Filters从 CSV 文件过滤器插入表 Sqlite C#
【发布时间】：2025-12-01 11:40:01
【问题描述】：

我在 sqlite 中创建了一个包含两个表的数据库。我有一个非常具体的 CSV 文件，我必须在数据库中插入。我需要在“Station”列（站数是文件中每一行的第一个元素）和“Dat”（年份是文件中每一行的第二个元素，mounth 的日期是第三个元素）中插入的表“hyddnev”文件中的每一行 - 第一行是第 1 天，第二行是第 2 天到第 31 天）。几天后，我有 12 个列，其中包含从 1 月到 12 月的安装值。我需要在 Hydnev 表的 Station 列中插入站的№，在同一张表中的 Dat 列中插入日期，并且在每行的 12 列中插入 1 月和 12 月的值。现在我尝试插入 № of station 和 Date，但我有例外：

Constraint failed
NOT NULL constraint failed: hyddnev.Dat

Constraint failed
NOT NULL constraint failed: hyddnev.Station

CSV 文件包含从 1976 年到 2015 年的年份，每年有 31 行..

18050,1976,1,0.390,0.660,0.290,0.740,9.160,1.400,0.670,3.120,0.460,0.420,0.360,0.400,
18050,1976,2,0.390,0.520,0.290,0.740,7.540,1.270,0.670,2.660,0.460,0.420,0.360,0.380,
18050,1976,3,0.390,0.450,0.240,0.660,5.260,1.270,0.670,2.510,0.460,0.420,0.410,0.400,
18050,1976,4,0.390,0.450,0.240,0.660,4.400,1.180,0.620,2.360,0.460,0.410,0.400,0.440,
18050,1976,5,0.390,0.450,0.290,0.660,4.220,1.080,0.620,2.360,0.460,0.410,0.400,4.750,
18050,1976,6,0.520,0.390,0.240,0.580,4.040,1.270,0.620,4.200,0.460,0.410,0.380,2.810,
18050,1976,7,0.390,0.390,0.240,0.520,3.680,37.800,0.620,5.870,0.460,0.400,0.360,1.620,
18050,1976,8,0.390,0.390,0.200,0.580,3.330,22.900,0.580,4.570,0.460,0.380,0.360,0.980,
18050,1976,9,0.390,0.390,0.200,0.660,2.830,11.200,0.580,4.020,0.460,0.360,0.360,0.740,
18050,1976,10,0.390,0.340,0.200,1.380,2.650,8.120,0.580,3.660,0.440,0.360,0.360,0.520,
18050,1976,11,0.340,0.390,0.200,2.260,2.350,5.870,0.580,3.270,0.440,0.360,0.360,0.460,
18050,1976,12,0.340,0.450,0.200,1.700,2.350,4.750,0.580,4.570,0.440,0.360,0.360,0.460,
18050,1976,13,0.340,0.390,0.200,1.590,2.350,3.840,0.540,4.020,0.440,0.340,0.360,0.440,
18050,1976,14,0.340,0.390,0.290,2.120,2.200,3.120,0.540,3.660,0.420,0.340,0.340,0.520,
18050,1976,15,0.290,0.390,0.290,2.400,2.050,2.970,0.540,3.270,0.420,0.400,0.340,0.520,
18050,1976,16,0.290,0.390,0.240,1.590,1.770,2.810,0.540,2.970,0.420,0.360,0.340,0.440,
18050,1976,17,0.290,0.340,0.290,1.170,1.520,2.660,0.540,2.660,0.410,0.360,0.330,0.420,
18050,1976,18,0.290,0.340,0.290,1.170,1.270,2.360,0.540,2.210,0.410,0.410,0.340,0.420,
18050,1976,19,0.240,0.340,0.390,1.170,1.080,2.210,0.540,2.060,0.410,0.410,0.400,0.410,
18050,1976,20,0.290,0.340,0.390,1.010,1.080,2.060,0.520,1.760,0.400,0.400,1.340,0.400,
18050,1976,21,0.290,0.290,0.390,0.920,1.270,1.760,0.520,1.200,0.740,0.400,2.660,0.400,
18050,1976,22,0.340,0.290,0.450,0.820,2.860,1.480,0.520,1.080,0.580,0.380,1.760,0.400,
18050,1976,23,0.340,0.290,0.520,0.740,3.050,1.200,0.520,0.980,0.580,0.380,0.980,0.400,
18050,1976,24,0.340,0.290,0.520,0.660,4.000,0.980,0.540,0.810,0.540,0.380,0.520,0.380,
18050,1976,25,0.340,0.290,0.920,0.740,2.680,0.890,2.810,0.670,0.520,0.360,0.460,0.380,
18050,1976,26,0.390,0.290,1.380,1.380,2.060,0.810,2.510,0.580,0.520,0.360,0.440,0.380,
18050,1976,27,0.740,0.290,1.490,2.570,1.770,0.810,2.510,0.580,0.490,0.360,0.420,0.380,
18050,1976,28,1.280,0.290,1.380,2.730,1.770,0.740,4.750,0.520,0.460,0.360,0.410,0.360,
18050,1976,29,1.010,0.290,1.090,3.610,1.650,0.740,5.480,0.520,0.420,0.360,0.410,0.360,
18050,1976,30,0.820,,0.820,4.000,1.520,0.670,4.210,0.490,0.420,0.360,0.400,0.360,
18050,1976,31,0.660,,0.740,,1.520,,3.660,0.460,,0.360,,0.440,

我不知道如何插入表格，我需要插入后我将使用它通过选择查询绘制图形。

我的代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SQLite;

namespace WindowsFormsApp1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private SQLiteConnection Connection;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            label3.Hide();
            label4.Hide();

            SQLiteConnection.CreateFile("hydrodb.sqlite");
            SQLiteConnection Connection = new SQLiteConnection("Data Source=hydrodb.sqlite;Version=3;");
            Connection.Open();

            string createTable = ("CREATE TABLE hyddnev (Station UNSIGNED INT(5) NOT NULL, Dat datetime NOT NULL, Stoej int(5) DEFAULT NULL, Vkol UNSIGNED FLOAT(7,3) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (Station, Dat))");
            SQLiteCommand createHydDnev = new SQLiteCommand(createTable, Connection);
            createHydDnev.ExecuteNonQuery();

            string createTable2 = ("CREATE TABLE hydmes (Station UNSIGNED INT(5) NOT NULL, Dat datetime NOT NULL, StoejMin smallint(5) DEFAULT NULL, VkolMin UNSIGNED FLOAT(7,3) DEFAULT NULL, StoejSre smallint(5) DEFAULT NULL, VkolSre UNSIGNED FLOAT(7,3) DEFAULT NULL, StoejMax smallint(5) DEFAULT NULL, VkolMax UNSIGNED FLOAT(7,3) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (Station, Dat))");
            SQLiteCommand createHydMes = new SQLiteCommand(createTable2, Connection);
            createHydMes.ExecuteNonQuery();

            string deleteTable = ("DELETE FROM hyddnev");
            SQLiteCommand deleteHydDnev = new SQLiteCommand(deleteTable, Connection);
            deleteHydDnev.ExecuteNonQuery();

            string deleteTable2 = ("DELETE FROM hydmes");
            SQLiteCommand deleteHydMes = new SQLiteCommand(deleteTable2, Connection);
            deleteHydMes.ExecuteNonQuery();

            this.Connection = Connection;
        }

        string pathFolder;
        string pathFolder2;

        string resultStation;
        string resultStation2;

        List<string> resultYears = new List<string>();
        List<string> resultYears2 = new List<string>();

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            using (OpenFileDialog dialog = new OpenFileDialog())
            {
                if (dialog.ShowDialog(this) == DialogResult.OK)
                {
                    string sFileName = dialog.FileName;
                    pathFolder = sFileName;

                    label3.Text = pathFolder;
                    label3.Show();                 

                    string[] lines = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(dialog.FileName);

                    int i = 0;

                    foreach (var line in lines)
                    {

                        var splittedValues = line.Split(',');

                        var firstWord = splittedValues[0];
                        var firstYear = splittedValues[1];

                        if (!resultYears.Contains(firstYear))
                        {
                            resultYears.Add(firstYear);
                        }

                        if (i == 0)
                        {
                            resultStation = firstWord;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (resultStation != firstWord)
                            {
                                MessageBox.Show("Файла с дневни данни трябва да съдържа само една станция!");
                                return;
                            }
                        }
                        i++;

                        string addDat = ("INSERT INTO hyddnev (Dat) values ('" + resultYears + "')");
                        SQLiteCommand insertDat = new SQLiteCommand(addDat, Connection);

                        try
                        {
                            insertDat.ExecuteNonQuery();
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {

                            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                        }

                        string addStation = ("INSERT INTO hyddnev (Station) values(" + firstWord + ")");
                        SQLiteCommand insertStation = new SQLiteCommand(addStation, Connection);

                        try
                        {
                            insertStation.ExecuteNonQuery();
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {

                            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                        }

                    }
                    resultYears.Sort();
                }
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            using (OpenFileDialog dialog = new OpenFileDialog())
            {
                if (dialog.ShowDialog(this) == DialogResult.OK)
                {
                    string sFileName = dialog.FileName;
                    pathFolder2 = sFileName;

                    label4.Text = pathFolder2;
                    label4.Show();

                    string[] lines = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(dialog.FileName);

                    int i = 0;

                    foreach (var line in lines)
                    {
                        var splittedValues = line.Split(',');

                        var firstWord = splittedValues[0];
                        var firstYear2 = splittedValues[1];

                        if (!resultYears2.Contains(firstYear2))
                        {
                            resultYears2.Add(firstYear2);
                        }

                        if (i == 0)
                        {
                            resultStation2 = firstWord;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (resultStation2 != firstWord)
                            {
                                MessageBox.Show("Файла с месечни данни трябва съдържа само една станция!");
                                return;
                            }
                        }

                        i++;
                    }

                    resultYears2.Sort();
                }
            }
        }

        public void label3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        public void label4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (resultStation != resultStation2)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Номера на станцията в единия файл не отговаря на номера на станцията в другият файл!" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine +
                    "ЗАБЕЛЕЖКА!" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine + "В двата файла, номера на станцията трябва да бъде един и същ!");
            }

            comboBox1.Items.Add(resultStation);

            if (string.Join(", ", resultYears) == string.Join(", ", resultYears2))
            //if (resultYears.Equals(resultYears2))
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < this.resultYears.Count; i++)
                {
                    comboBox2.Items.Add(resultYears[i]);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Годините от двата файла не съвпадат.");
            }

        }
    }
}

【问题讨论】：

标签： c# sql .net winforms sqlite

【解决方案1】：

您的 CSV 文件是否有标题行？

您的 CSV 文件中有哪些列？

如果您在 CSV 文件中有列标题，您可以直接将 CSV 文件加载到数据表中，然后您可以简单地查询该表。 See this: Loading CSV file in data table (then query/apply filters on data table to extract required data)

注意：请注意连接字符串中的“HDR = Yes/NO”和“Data Source=Path to CSV file”。

// using System.Data;
// using System.Data.OleDb;
// using System.Globalization;
// using System.IO;

static DataTable GetDataTableFromCsv(string path, bool isFirstRowHeader)
{
    string header = isFirstRowHeader ? "Yes" : "No";
    string pathOnly = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
    string fileName = Path.GetFileName(path);
    string sql = @"SELECT * FROM [" + fileName + "]";
    using(OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(
          @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + pathOnly + 
          ";Extended Properties=\"Text;HDR=" + header + "\""))
    using(OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand(sql, connection))
    using(OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(command))
   {
     DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
     dataTable.Locale = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture;
     adapter.Fill(dataTable);
     return dataTable;
   }
}

【讨论】：

文件没有标题行，列用,分隔
好的，但是你必须假设用“，”分隔的数据的固定列和序列数据。您应该选择 HDR=NO（因为您没有第一行作为列标题），您还可以在将 CSV 填充到数据表中时为列分配名称。如果您需要进一步解释，请告诉我