使用接口的两个活动之间的通信未按预期工作

Question

问题：使用接口将数据从 activity2 发送到 activity1 会导致 activity1 中未分配发送数据strong> 即使它正在被分配。因此，activity1 成员变量会自动设置为 null。

设置详情：点击activity1中的按钮，启动activity2。现在用户可以在 activity2 中执行任何工作。但只要用户在 activity2 中执行工作，我的自定义界面就会向 activity1 发送数据。 Activity1 应该将该发送的值分配给其成员变量，并且当用户导航回 activity1 时，activity1 的 onRestart() 方法被绑定用新值更新用户界面。

设置点数：

1-用户点击ACTIVITY1

上的按钮

2-按钮打开ACTIVITY2

3-用户执行的操作触发我的界面发送数据

4-接口在后台向ACTIVITY1发送数据（ACTIVITY2仍然可见）

5-发送的数据通过接口赋值给ACTIVITY1成员变量（布尔型）

6- 用户按 ACTIVITY2 并导航回 ACTIVITY1

7- ONRESTART() 的 ACTIVITY1 被触发

8- ONRESTART() 检查布尔值是否为真，然后更新 UI

但我的困惑从这里开始。 为什么分配的布尔值即使在分配后仍然为空？ 为什么 ACTIVITY1 的成员变量会丢失赋值？

代码：

界面

override fun onReturnedToActivity(actionID: Int) {
    when(actionID)
    {
        3 ->
        {
            newNoteCreated = true
        }
    }
}

ONRESTART()

override fun onRestart() {
    super.onRestart()

    if(newNoteCreated)  //variable is null not true.
    {
        Toast.makeText(this,"TRUE",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        mDrawer!!.updateBadge(3, StringHolder(dbHandler.totalNotes().toString() ))

        newNoteCreated = false
    }

请教我这个问题。我一直试图在 SO 上找到它的解决方案，但还没有回答我的问题。我知道还有其他方法可以在活动之间发送数据，但我正在尝试特别使用接口。

引用自

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity#ActivityLifecycle

"如果一个 Activity 完全被另一个 Activity 遮挡，它就会停止。它仍然保留所有状态和成员信息，但是，它不再对用户可见，因此它的窗口是隐藏的，当其他地方需要内存时，它通常会被系统杀死。"

那么为什么我的活动会丢失其可变数据？

编辑

主要活动（ACTIVITY1）

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(), ContextBarVisibilityListener, OnActionPerformedBadgeUpdater, ActivityReturningStateNotify {


private val dbHandler: PediaDatabase = PediaDatabase(this)
private var mDrawer: Drawer? = null
private var filePath: String? = null
private var backupFileName: String? = null
private var listBt: MenuItem? = null
private var gridBt: MenuItem? = null
private var frontAppName: TextView? = null
private var buttonStatePref: SharedPreferences? = null
private var speedDialView: SpeedDialView? = null
private var trashNotesCount: String? = null
private var archiveNotesCount: String? = null
private var onLayoutChange: LayoutChangeListener? = null

private var newNoteCreated: Boolean = false //THIS IS THE BOOL

private lateinit var mAdView: AdView



companion object
{
    private const val LAYOUT_USER_PREF = "layout_preference"
}


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)


    onLayoutChange = NotesFrag()

    if(savedInstanceState == null) //prevents reloading fragment
    {
        val transaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
        transaction.add(R.id.innerFrameLayout,NotesFrag()).commit()
    }



    trashNotesCount = dbHandler.trashedNotesCount().toString()
    archiveNotesCount = dbHandler.archivedNoteCount().toString()

    val drawerTrashBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(1).withName("Trash Bin")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.delete_note_image)
            .withBadge(trashNotesCount)
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.delete_drawer_selected)

    val drawerArchiveBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(2).withName("Archive")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.archive_note_img)
            .withBadge(archiveNotesCount)
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.archive_drawer_selected)

    val drawerNotesBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(3).withName("Notes")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.notes_img)
            .withBadge(dbHandler.totalNotes().toString())
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.notes_drawer_selected)

    val drawerLockedNotesBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(4).withName("Locked Notes")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.lock_button)
            .withBadge("1")
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.locked_drawer_selected)

    val drawerReminderNotesBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(5).withName("Reminder Notes")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.reminder_notes)
            .withBadge("1")
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.reminder_drawer_selected)

    val drawerFavouriteNotesBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(6).withName("Favourite Notes")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.rate_app_star_img)
            .withBadge("1")
            .withSelectedIcon(R.drawable.favourite_drawer_selected)

    val drawerSettingsBt: PrimaryDrawerItem = PrimaryDrawerItem().withIdentifier(7).withName("Settings")
            .withIcon(R.drawable.settings_drawer)



      mDrawer = DrawerBuilder().withActivity(this)
            .withHeader(R.layout.navbar_header)
            .addDrawerItems(drawerNotesBt,drawerArchiveBt,drawerTrashBt,
                    drawerLockedNotesBt,drawerReminderNotesBt,
                    drawerFavouriteNotesBt,DividerDrawerItem(), drawerSettingsBt)

            .withOnDrawerItemClickListener(object: Drawer.OnDrawerItemClickListener{
                override fun onItemClick(view: View?, position: Int, drawerItem: IDrawerItem<*, *>?): Boolean {

                    when(position)
                    {
                        1 ->
                        {
                            frontAppName!!.text = "Wonder Notes"
                            speedDialView!!.show() //show again because traversing to other fragments hides it

                            val transaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                            transaction.replace(R.id.innerFrameLayout, NotesFrag())
                            transaction.addToBackStack(null)
                            transaction.commit()

                        }

                        2 ->
                        {
                            speedDialView!!.hide()
                            supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.innerFrameLayout,ArchiveFragment()).commit()
                        }

                        3 ->
                        {
                            frontAppName!!.text = "Trash"
                            speedDialView!!.hide()


                            fabLayoutBehaviourSetter(false)

                            supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.innerFrameLayout, TrashFragment()).commit()
                        }
                        4 ->  Log.d("locked notes","1")

                        5 ->  Log.d("reminder","1")

                        6 ->  Log.d("favourite","1")
                    }

                    return false // false closes drawer on click
                }
            }).build()


    /*Below code handles swipe tabs adapter setting and displaying
     * and implements fragments to viewpager programitically */

  //  mainActivityViewPagerID.adapter = ViewPagerAdapter(supportFragmentManager)

   // attachNotesFrag()




    //mainTabsID.setupWithViewPager(mainActivityViewPagerID)
    //mainTabsID.setTabTextColors(Color.DKGRAY, Color.parseColor("white"))




    val drawerOpener = findViewById<ImageButton>(R.id.drawerOpenImgBt)
    val noteCounterAsBt = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.showNotesCountID)




    drawerOpener.setOnClickListener { mDrawer!!.openDrawer() }
    noteCounterAsBt.setOnClickListener { mDrawer!!.openDrawer() }
    //navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this)



    val customToolbar: Toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbarID)
      setSupportActionBar(customToolbar)


      supportActionBar!!.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false) //set main title off

       val toolbarTxtView = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.toolbar_title)
         toolbarTxtView.visibility = View.GONE


    checkForStoragePermission()
}//on create




override fun onContextBarVisibilityChange(isVisible: Boolean) { //custom interface

    if(isVisible)
    {
        speedDialView!!.hide()
        fabLayoutBehaviourSetter(false) //remove scrolling behaviour

    }
    else
    {
        speedDialView!!.show()
        fabLayoutBehaviourSetter(true) //set scrolling behaviour
    }

}


override fun onReturnedToActivity(actionID: Int) { ///it just recieves value from ACTIVITY2 and assign its value to ACTIVTY1`s "newNoteCreated" varaible
    when(actionID)
    {
        3 ->
        {
            Log.d("INTERFACE","CALLED $actionID")
            newNoteCreated = true

            Log.d("INTERFACE","CALLED $newNoteCreated")
        }
    }
}

参考活动（活动2） 由于activity2的代码很长，很可能会混淆读者，所以我只包括接口将数据发送回activity1的部分。

 onActivityReturningStateNotify = MainActivity()


 dbHandler!!.createNote(note)

                //onActionPerformedBadgeUpdater!!.onActionPerformed(3)
                onActivityReturningStateNotify!!.onReturnedToActivity(3)

界面

interface ActivityReturningStateNotify {

fun onReturnedToActivity(actionID: Int)

}

Answer 1

您的问题是您在 MainActivity 的一个新实例上调用 onReturnedToActivity()，而不是您开始的那个或您将返回的那个。

Activity之间共享数据有几种方式，一种是使用startActivityForResult()。

我认为你的问题是 Activity1 将被停止，所以你不能真正从 Activity2 发送数据。但是，您可以使用 startActivityForResult 启动 Activity2 并返回结果。 这是来自documentation 的示例。

开始活动。

const val PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST = 1  // The request code
...
private fun pickContact() {
    Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, Uri.parse("content://contacts")).also { pickContactIntent ->
        pickContactIntent.type = Phone.CONTENT_TYPE // Show user only contacts w/ phone numbers
        startActivityForResult(pickContactIntent, PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST)
    }
}

获取返回的数据。

override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent) {
    // Check which request we're responding to
    if (requestCode == PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST) {
        // Make sure the request was successful
        if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            // The user picked a contact.
            // The Intent's data Uri identifies which contact was selected.

            // Do something with the contact here (bigger example below)
        }
    }
}

其他方案包括全局单例，使用 Intent 启动活动，或使用 SharedPreferences 在一个活动中写入数据，然后在另一个活动中读取数据。 如果您在 android share data between activities 上进行搜索，您会看到有多种选择可以实现此目的的最佳方式。

Answer 2

通过接口将 Activity1 分配给 Activity2 是个坏主意，尝试在活动 1 中使用：startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode) 在活动 2 中制作任何你想要的内容，然后调用：onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent); 并在活动 1 中覆盖函数：onActivityResult() 并使用来自意图的布尔数据。