如何在 GtkTreeView 中交替亮/暗行？

Question

我已阅读并尝试了此问题的现有解决方案，但我无法让它们发挥作用。我希望有人能指出我做错了什么，或者告诉我为什么这些解决方案不再起作用。

• https://thegnomejournal.wordpress.com/2011/03/15/styling-gtk-with-css/（5岁）
• Widgets to list files with gtk（2岁）
• How do you change alternating background row colors of a gtk.TreeView in pygtk?（4岁）
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/285559/how-to-reenable-alternating-grey-lines-in-nautilus-files-3-6-list-view（3岁）

我想确保这些解决方案不起作用，所以我制作了这样的样式表：

GtkTreeView row {
    color: #FFFFFF;
    background-color: #FF0000;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(even) {
    background-color: #FF00FF;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
    background-color: #00FFFF;
}

用花哨的颜色，只是为了使行颜色的差异非常明显。然后，我做了一个小应用程序来加载树视图：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int i;
  gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
  //GtkBuilder* b = gtk_builder_new_from_file("derp.glade.xml");
  GtkWidget* top = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
  GtkListStore* items = gtk_list_store_new(2,
                                           G_TYPE_STRING,
                                           G_TYPE_STRING);

  GtkWidget* view = gtk_tree_view_new_with_model(GTK_TREE_MODEL(items));
  gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes
    (GTK_TREE_VIEW(view),
     0,
     "Herp",
     gtk_cell_renderer_text_new(),
     "text",0,
     NULL);
  gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes
    (GTK_TREE_VIEW(view),
     1,
     "Derp",
     gtk_cell_renderer_text_new(),
     "text",1,
     NULL);
  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(top),view);
  GtkCssProvider* prov = gtk_css_provider_new();
  gtk_css_provider_load_from_path
    (prov,
    "derp.css",
     NULL);
  gtk_style_context_add_provider
    (gtk_widget_get_style_context(view),
     GTK_STYLE_PROVIDER(prov),
     GTK_STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION);

  GtkTreeIter iter;
  gtk_tree_model_get_iter_first(GTK_TREE_MODEL(items),&iter);

  for(i=0;i<3;++i) {
    gtk_list_store_insert_with_values
      (items,&iter,0,
       0, "Row",
       1, "Row",
       -1);
  }
  gtk_widget_show_all(top);
  gtk_main();
  return 0;
}

编译：

gcc -o test teststyle.c `pkg-config gtk+-3.0 --cflags --libs`

当我运行应用程序时，三行显示为 #00FFFF 作为背景颜色。他们不交替。它们只采用“row:nth-child(odd)”部分的颜色，甚至偶数行也采用该颜色。弄乱 css 文件也可以做一些有趣的事情。例如切换奇偶数：

GtkTreeView row {
    color: #FFFFFF;
    background-color: #FF0000;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
    background-color: #FF00FF;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(even) {
    background-color: #00FFFF;
}

现在所有行都显示为#FF00FF，没有交替。我认为 GTK 完全无法以某种方式读取伪类，不小心将“GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd)”变成了“GtkTreeView row”，并且完全错过了“nth-child(even)”选择器。如果我删除奇数选择器并且只有偶数：

GtkTreeView row {
    color: #FFFFFF;
    background-color: #FF0000;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(even) {
    background-color: #FF00FF;
}

现在它的背景颜色为#FF0000，所以它完全忽略（偶数）规则。

我尝试在树视图上设置规则提示，但它没有做任何事情，除了抱怨设置规则提示已被弃用。我在基本的 Arch 系统上使用 GTK 3.18.9，XFCE 作为窗口管理器。我在这里做错什么了吗？还是我的 GTK 版本搞砸了，不知何故？

Answer 1

这可能是一个错误。在this examplerow:nth-child被应用到不同的GtkTreeView。

Answer 2

我认为只有 2 个方块就足够了

GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
    background-color: #FF00FF;
}
GtkTreeView row:nth-child(even) {
    background-color: #00FFFF;
}

下面是python中的一个例子，回答前测试没问题

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: ISO-8859-1 -*-
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
from gi.repository import Gdk

window = Gtk.Window()
window.connect("destroy", lambda q: Gtk.main_quit())

liststore = Gtk.ListStore(str, int)
liststore.append(["Oranges", 5])
liststore.append(["Apples", 3])
liststore.append(["Bananas", 1])
liststore.append(["Tomatoes", 4])
liststore.append(["Cucumber", 1])
liststore.append(["potatoes", 10])
liststore.append(["apricot", 100])

treeview = Gtk.TreeView(model=liststore)
treeview.set_rules_hint( True )
window.add(treeview)

treeviewcolumn = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Item")
treeview.append_column(treeviewcolumn)
cellrenderertext = Gtk.CellRendererText()
treeviewcolumn.pack_start(cellrenderertext, True)
treeviewcolumn.add_attribute(cellrenderertext, "text", 0)

treeviewcolumn = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Quantity")
treeview.append_column(treeviewcolumn)
cellrenderertext = Gtk.CellRendererText()
treeviewcolumn.pack_start(cellrenderertext, True)
treeviewcolumn.add_attribute(cellrenderertext, "text", 1)
css_provider = Gtk.CssProvider()
css = """
                /* font operate on entire GtkTreeView not for selected row */
                GtkTreeView {font-weight: bold;font: Sans 20;font-style: italic;}
                GtkTreeView row:nth-child(even) {
                background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear,
                                                   left top,
                   left bottom,
                   from (#d0e4f7),
                   color-stop (0.5, darker (#d0e4f7)),
                   to (#fdffff));
                }
                GtkTreeView row:nth-child(odd) {
                background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear,
                                                   left top,
                   left bottom,
                   from (yellow),
                   color-stop (0.5, darker (yellow)),
                   to (#fdffff));
                }
                /* next line only border action operate */
                GtkTreeView:selected{color: white; background: green; border-width: 1px; border-color: black;}
                /* next line for Gtk.TreeViewColumn */
                column-header .button{color: white; background: purple;}

            """
css_provider.load_from_data(css)
screen = Gdk.Screen.get_default()
style_context = window.get_style_context()
style_context.add_provider_for_screen(screen, css_provider, Gtk.STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION)

window.show_all()

Gtk.main()