Alpine Linux 的“--update add”命令说明

Question

我正在尝试了解 Dockerfile https://hub.docker.com/r/rdsubhas/tor-privoxy-alpine/~/dockerfile/，其中包含一个 RUN 执行官与

apk --update add privoxy tor@testing runit@testing

我想检查一下我对apk命令的使用方式的理解，所以我尝试在Alpine环境中打开一个终端，如下所示：

docker run -it --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash

之后我只是运行apk 来查看它的用法：

/ # apk
apk-tools 2.6.8, compiled for x86_64.

usage: apk COMMAND [-h|--help] [-p|--root DIR] [-X|--repository REPO]
           [-q|--quiet] [-v|--verbose] [-i|--interactive] [-V|--version]
           [-f|--force] [-U|--update-cache] [--progress] [--progress-fd FD]
           [--no-progress] [--purge] [--allow-untrusted] [--wait TIME]
           [--keys-dir KEYSDIR] [--repositories-file REPOFILE] [--no-network]
           [--no-cache] [--arch ARCH] [--print-arch] [ARGS]...

The following commands are available:
  add       Add PACKAGEs to 'world' and install (or upgrade) them, while
            ensuring that all dependencies are met
  del       Remove PACKAGEs from 'world' and uninstall them
  fix       Repair package or upgrade it without modifying main dependencies
  update    Update repository indexes from all remote repositories
  info      Give detailed information about PACKAGEs or repositores
  search    Search package by PATTERNs or by indexed dependencies
  upgrade   Upgrade currently installed packages to match repositories
  cache     Download missing PACKAGEs to cache and/or delete unneeded files
            from cache
  version   Compare package versions (in installed database vs. available) or
            do tests on literal version strings
  index     Create repository index file from FILEs
  fetch     Download PACKAGEs from global repositories to a local directory
  audit     Audit the directories for changes
  verify    Verify package integrity and signature
  dot       Generate graphviz graphs
  policy    Show repository policy for packages
  stats     Show statistics about repositories and installations

Global options:
  -h, --help              Show generic help or applet specific help
  -p, --root DIR          Install packages to DIR
  -X, --repository REPO   Use packages from REPO
  -q, --quiet             Print less information
  -v, --verbose           Print more information (can be doubled)
  -i, --interactive       Ask confirmation for certain operations
  -V, --version           Print program version and exit
  -f, --force             Do what was asked even if it looks dangerous
  -U, --update-cache      Update the repository cache
  --progress              Show a progress bar
  --progress-fd FD        Write progress to fd
  --no-progress           Disable progress bar even for TTYs
  --purge                 Delete also modified configuration files (pkg
                          removal) and uninstalled packages from cache (cache
                          clean)
  --allow-untrusted       Install packages with untrusted signature or no
                          signature
  --wait TIME             Wait for TIME seconds to get an exclusive repository
                          lock before failing
  --keys-dir KEYSDIR      Override directory of trusted keys
  --repositories-file REPOFILE Override repositories file
  --no-network            Do not use network (cache is still used)
  --no-cache              Read uncached index from network
  --arch ARCH             Use architecture with --root
  --print-arch            Print default arch and exit

This apk has coffee making abilities.

问题是，我在本文档中没有看到 --update 选项（只有 --update-cache）。

我怀疑apk --update add [package] 只是apk update 后跟apk add [package] 的简写。谁能证实这一点？

Answer 1

见https://github.com/gliderlabs/docker-alpine/pull/503

apk --update 标志实际上是 --update-cache。

Apk 使用 getopt_long (3)， https://github.com/alpinelinux/apk-tools/blob/v2.10.3/src/apk.c#L574

所以，--update 标志只是从--update-cache by getopt_long 的缩写。

如果缩写是唯一的或 是某个已定义选项的完全匹配。

Answer 2

简而言之：

To get the latest list of available packages, use the update command.

它类似于您在 apt-get install my_package 之前所做的 Debian apt-get update。

来自https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management#Update_the_Package_list：

提取

更新包列表

随着软件包的添加和升级，远程存储库会发生变化。要获取可用软件包的最新列表，请使用 update 命令。该命令从每个存储库下载 APKINDEX.tar.gz 并将其存储在本地缓存中，通常是 /var/cache/apk/、/var/lib/apk/ 或 /etc/apk/cache/。

apk 更新

提示：如果使用远程存储库，最好在执行添加或升级命令之前进行更新。这样您就知道您使用的是最新的可用软件。