硒的 Chrome xpath 表达式找不到元素

Question

在网页中，我有以下元素：

....
<select class="widget-listbox form-control" size="6" multiple="multiple">
    <option data-value="sIPSCs%20from%20juvenile%20(P21-30)%20C57BL%2F6J%20male%20mice%20hippocampus%20CA1%20pyramidal%20cell%20(A1)" value="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)" class="">sIPSCs&nbsp;from&nbsp;juvenile&nbsp;(P21-30)&nbsp;C57BL/6J&nbsp;male&nbsp;mice&nbsp;hippocampus&nbsp;CA1&nbsp;pyramidal&nbsp;cell&nbsp;(A1)</option>
    <option data-value="sIPSCs%20from%20juvenile%20(P21-30)%20C57BL%2F6J%20male%20mice%20hippocampus%20CA1%20pyramidal%20cell%20(A2)" value="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A2)" class="">sIPSCs&nbsp;from&nbsp;juvenile&nbsp;(P21-30)&nbsp;C57BL/6J&nbsp;male&nbsp;mice&nbsp;hippocampus&nbsp;CA1&nbsp;pyramidal&nbsp;cell&nbsp;(A2)</option>
</select>
....

我正在尝试使用以下 xpath 表达式来选择第一个选项元素（用于 selenium 测试）：

//option[contains(text(),"sIPSC")]
//option[text()="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)"]
//option[@value="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)"]
//select/option[contains(text(),"sIPSC")]
//select/option[text()="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)"]
//select/option[@value="sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)"]

但没有显示任何结果（在 chrome 中，XPath Helper 版本 2.02；chrome 版本 70.0.3538.110）。我要查找的元素不在框架内。我还想选择 whole 字符串“sIPSCs from juvenile (P21-30) C57BL/6J male mice hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell (A1)”，这可能是一个变量。随便一个字符串。我事先不知道这个字符串是什么样子的......

这次我做错了什么？上述任何表达都不应该起作用吗？

Answer 1

看起来这两个选项都包含“sIPSC”

尝试使用 xpath 来识别元素的独特性，如下所示：//option[contains(text(),"sIPSC")][contains(text(),"A1")]

如果您总是想要 first 选项： //select/option[contains(text(),"sIPSC")][1]

Answer 2

要选择第一个选项作为所需元素是 React 元素，您需要诱导 WebDriverWait 以使 元素可点击，您可以使用以下任一种（Pythonic）解决方案：

• XPath 1：

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@class='widget-listbox form-control']/option[contains(@data-value,'(A1)')]"))).click()
  

• XPath 2：

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@class='widget-listbox form-control']/option[contains(@value,'(A1)')]"))).click()
  

• XPath 3：

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@class='widget-listbox form-control']/option[contains(.,'(A1)')]"))).click()
  

• 注意：您必须添加以下导入：

  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC