这并不容易,因为resource.received 事件处理程序只提供像url、headers 或status 这样的元数据,而不是实际数据。底层 phantomjs 事件处理程序的行为方式相同。
无状态 AJAX 请求
如果ajax调用是无状态的,你可以重复请求
casper.on("resource.received", function(resource){
// somehow identify this request, here: if it contains ".json"
// it also also only does something when the stage is "end" otherwise this would be executed two times
if (resource.url.indexOf(".json") != -1 && resource.stage == "end") {
var data = casper.evaluate(function(url){
// synchronous GET request
return __utils__.sendAJAX(url, "GET");
}, resource.url);
// do something with data, you might need to JSON.parse(data)
}
});
casper.start(url); // your script
您可能希望将事件侦听器添加到resource.requested。这样你就不需要为调用完成。
您也可以像这样在控制流内部执行此操作(来源:A: CasperJS waitForResource: how to get the resource i've waited for):
casper.start(url);
var res, resData;
casper.waitForResource(function check(resource){
res = resource;
return resource.url.indexOf(".json") != -1;
}, function then(){
resData = casper.evaluate(function(url){
// synchronous GET request
return __utils__.sendAJAX(url, "GET");
}, res.url);
// do something with the data here or in a later step
});
casper.run();
有状态的 AJAX 请求
如果它不是无状态的,则需要替换 XMLHttpRequest 的实现。您将需要注入您自己的 onreadystatechange 处理程序实现,在页面 window 对象中收集信息,然后在另一个 evaluate 调用中收集它。
您可能想查看XHR faker in sinon.js 或为XMLHttpRequest 使用以下完整代理(我根据How can I create a XMLHttpRequest wrapper/proxy? 中的方法3 对其进行建模):
function replaceXHR(){
(function(window, debug){
function args(a){
var s = "";
for(var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
s += "\t\n[" + i + "] => " + a[i];
}
return s;
}
var _XMLHttpRequest = window.XMLHttpRequest;
window.XMLHttpRequest = function() {
this.xhr = new _XMLHttpRequest();
}
// proxy ALL methods/properties
var methods = [
"open",
"abort",
"setRequestHeader",
"send",
"addEventListener",
"removeEventListener",
"getResponseHeader",
"getAllResponseHeaders",
"dispatchEvent",
"overrideMimeType"
];
methods.forEach(function(method){
window.XMLHttpRequest.prototype[method] = function() {
if (debug) console.log("ARGUMENTS", method, args(arguments));
if (method == "open") {
this._url = arguments[1];
}
return this.xhr[method].apply(this.xhr, arguments);
}
});
// proxy change event handler
Object.defineProperty(window.XMLHttpRequest.prototype, "onreadystatechange", {
get: function(){
// this will probably never called
return this.xhr.onreadystatechange;
},
set: function(onreadystatechange){
var that = this.xhr;
var realThis = this;
that.onreadystatechange = function(){
// request is fully loaded
if (that.readyState == 4) {
if (debug) console.log("RESPONSE RECEIVED:", typeof that.responseText == "string" ? that.responseText.length : "none");
// there is a response and filter execution based on url
if (that.responseText && realThis._url.indexOf("whatever") != -1) {
window.myAwesomeResponse = that.responseText;
}
}
onreadystatechange.call(that);
};
}
});
var otherscalars = [
"onabort",
"onerror",
"onload",
"onloadstart",
"onloadend",
"onprogress",
"readyState",
"responseText",
"responseType",
"responseXML",
"status",
"statusText",
"upload",
"withCredentials",
"DONE",
"UNSENT",
"HEADERS_RECEIVED",
"LOADING",
"OPENED"
];
otherscalars.forEach(function(scalar){
Object.defineProperty(window.XMLHttpRequest.prototype, scalar, {
get: function(){
return this.xhr[scalar];
},
set: function(obj){
this.xhr[scalar] = obj;
}
});
});
})(window, false);
}
如果您想从一开始就捕获 AJAX 调用,则需要将其添加到第一个事件处理程序中
casper.on("page.initialized", function(resource){
this.evaluate(replaceXHR);
});
或evaluate(replaceXHR),当您需要时。
控制流如下所示:
function replaceXHR(){ /* from above*/ }
casper.start(yourUrl, function(){
this.evaluate(replaceXHR);
});
function getAwesomeResponse(){
return this.evaluate(function(){
return window.myAwesomeResponse;
});
}
// stops waiting if window.myAwesomeResponse is something that evaluates to true
casper.waitFor(getAwesomeResponse, function then(){
var data = JSON.parse(getAwesomeResponse());
// Do something with data
});
casper.run();
如上所述,我为 XMLHttpRequest 创建了一个代理,以便每次在页面上使用它时,我都可以用它做一些事情。您抓取的页面使用xhr.onreadystatechange 回调来接收数据。代理是通过定义一个特定的 setter 函数来完成的,该函数将接收到的数据写入页面上下文中的window.myAwesomeResponse。您唯一需要做的就是检索此文本。
JSONP 请求
如果您知道前缀(使用加载的 JSON 调用的函数,例如 insert({"data":["Some", "JSON", "here"],"id":"asdasda")),则为 JSONP 编写代理会更容易。您可以在页面上下文中覆盖insert
-
页面加载后
casper.start(url).then(function(){
this.evaluate(function(){
var oldInsert = insert;
insert = function(json){
window.myAwesomeResponse = json;
oldInsert.apply(window, arguments);
};
});
}).waitFor(getAwesomeResponse, function then(){
var data = JSON.parse(getAwesomeResponse());
// Do something with data
}).run();
-
或在收到请求之前(如果函数在请求被调用之前注册)
casper.on("resource.requested", function(resource){
// filter on the correct call
if (resource.url.indexOf(".jsonp") != -1) {
this.evaluate(function(){
var oldInsert = insert;
insert = function(json){
window.myAwesomeResponse = json;
oldInsert.apply(window, arguments);
};
});
}
}).run();
casper.start(url).waitFor(getAwesomeResponse, function then(){
var data = JSON.parse(getAwesomeResponse());
// Do something with data
}).run();