【发布时间】:2012-01-02 10:49:46
【问题描述】:
当我在 WPF MVVM 应用程序中按 Enter 键而不是 Tab 键时,我想移动到下一个控件。我怎样才能做到这一点?
【问题讨论】:
当我在 WPF MVVM 应用程序中按 Enter 键而不是 Tab 键时,我想移动到下一个控件。我怎样才能做到这一点?
【问题讨论】:
以下是我专门用于此的附加属性。
一、用法示例:
<TextBox Width="100"
Text="{Binding Name, Mode=TwoWay}"
UI:FocusAdvancement.AdvancesByEnterKey="True" />
(UI 是我定义以下内容的命名空间别名。)
附加属性:
public static class FocusAdvancement
{
public static bool GetAdvancesByEnterKey(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (bool)obj.GetValue(AdvancesByEnterKeyProperty);
}
public static void SetAdvancesByEnterKey(DependencyObject obj, bool value)
{
obj.SetValue(AdvancesByEnterKeyProperty, value);
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty AdvancesByEnterKeyProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("AdvancesByEnterKey", typeof(bool), typeof(FocusAdvancement),
new UIPropertyMetadata(OnAdvancesByEnterKeyPropertyChanged));
static void OnAdvancesByEnterKeyPropertyChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
var element = d as UIElement;
if(element == null) return;
if ((bool)e.NewValue) element.KeyDown += Keydown;
else element.KeyDown -= Keydown;
}
static void Keydown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if(!e.Key.Equals(Key.Enter)) return;
var element = sender as UIElement;
if(element != null) element.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
}
您还说“而不是制表符”,所以我想知道您是否想抑制以通常方式使用制表符的能力。我建议不要这样做,因为它是一种常见的、众所周知的范例,但如果是这种情况,您可以在附加属性中添加一个 PreviewKeyDown 处理程序,检查 tab 键,然后将 Handled = true 设置为事件参数。
【讨论】:
Key.Enter 更改为Key.Up。还有什么,我建议你发布一个新问题。
如果您只希望它适用于几个文本框,Jay's answer 是最好的。
如果您希望整个应用程序都以这种方式工作,makwana.a's answer 会更好,但可以改进。
下面是我对makwana.a's answer 的修改,我在许多应用程序中都使用过它。如果活动控件是复选框,它还支持通过 enter 移动到下一个控件。我没有使用 tag 属性来决定焦点是否应该移动,而是使用了文本框的 AcceptsReturn 属性。我这样做是因为它默认为 false,并且只会在多行文本框中设置为 true。在这种情况下,无论如何,您都不希望焦点移动到输入时的下一个控件。
在 App.xaml 的 OnStartup void 中声明这些事件处理程序
EventManager.RegisterClassHandler(typeof(TextBox), TextBox.KeyDownEvent, new KeyEventHandler(TextBox_KeyDown));
EventManager.RegisterClassHandler(typeof(CheckBox), CheckBox.KeyDownEvent, new KeyEventHandler(CheckBox_KeyDown));
以下是使其在应用程序范围内工作所需的其他方法。
void TextBox_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Key == Key.Enter & (sender as TextBox).AcceptsReturn == false) MoveToNextUIElement(e);
}
void CheckBox_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
MoveToNextUIElement(e);
//Sucessfully moved on and marked key as handled.
//Toggle check box since the key was handled and
//the checkbox will never receive it.
if (e.Handled == true)
{
CheckBox cb = (CheckBox)sender;
cb.IsChecked = !cb.IsChecked;
}
}
void MoveToNextUIElement(KeyEventArgs e)
{
// Creating a FocusNavigationDirection object and setting it to a
// local field that contains the direction selected.
FocusNavigationDirection focusDirection = FocusNavigationDirection.Next;
// MoveFocus takes a TraveralReqest as its argument.
TraversalRequest request = new TraversalRequest(focusDirection);
// Gets the element with keyboard focus.
UIElement elementWithFocus = Keyboard.FocusedElement as UIElement;
// Change keyboard focus.
if (elementWithFocus != null)
{
if (elementWithFocus.MoveFocus(request)) e.Handled = true;
}
}
编辑
如果移动成功,我更新了代码以将击键标记为已处理,并且还切换复选框,因为键已被处理并且将不再到达它。
【讨论】:
示例解决方案:在堆栈面板中使用 PreviewKeyDown。预览... 是一个气泡,因此可以在更高级别处理事件。您可能需要针对不同的元素类型以不同的方式处理此问题,例如按钮似乎应该保留回车键而不是更改对回车键的焦点。
这里是 xaml:
<StackPanel PreviewKeyDown="StackPanel_PreviewKeyDown" >
<TextBox >
Hello
</TextBox>
<TextBox>
World
</TextBox>
<TextBox>
test
</TextBox>
</StackPanel>
下面是代码:
private void StackPanel_PreviewKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Key == Key.Enter)
{
TextBox s = e.Source as TextBox;
if (s != null)
{
s.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest( FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
e.Handled = true;
}
}
这只是一个用于概念验证的沙盒。
快乐编码...
【讨论】:
希望得到帮助:使用 AttachedProperty http://madprops.org/blog/enter-to-tab-as-an-attached-property/
public class EnterKeyTraversal
{
public static bool GetIsEnabled(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (bool)obj.GetValue(IsEnabledProperty);
}
public static void SetIsEnabled(DependencyObject obj, bool value)
{
obj.SetValue(IsEnabledProperty, value);
}
static void ue_PreviewKeyDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.KeyEventArgs e)
{
var ue = e.OriginalSource as FrameworkElement;
if (e.Key == Key.Enter)
{
e.Handled = true;
ue.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
}
private static void ue_Unloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var ue = sender as FrameworkElement;
if (ue == null) return;
ue.Unloaded -= ue_Unloaded;
ue.PreviewKeyDown -= ue_PreviewKeyDown;
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty IsEnabledProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("IsEnabled", typeof(bool),
typeof(EnterKeyTraversal), new UIPropertyMetadata(false, IsEnabledChanged));
static void IsEnabledChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
var ue = d as FrameworkElement;
if (ue == null) return;
if ((bool)e.NewValue)
{
ue.Unloaded += ue_Unloaded;
ue.PreviewKeyDown += ue_PreviewKeyDown;
}
else
{
ue.PreviewKeyDown -= ue_PreviewKeyDown;
}
}
}
<StackPanel my:EnterKeyTraversal.IsEnabled="True">
【讨论】:
在应用程序文件的 onstartup 事件中编写此代码
EventManager.RegisterClassHandler(GetType(TextBox), TextBox.KeyDownEvent, New RoutedEventHandler(AddressOf TextBox_KeyDown))
然后定义TextBox_KeyDown sub为
Private Sub TextBox_KeyDown(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Input.KeyEventArgs)
If e.Key = Key.Enter And TryCast(sender, TextBox).Tag <> "1" Then
' Creating a FocusNavigationDirection object and setting it to a
' local field that contains the direction selected.
Dim focusDirection As FocusNavigationDirection = FocusNavigationDirection.Next
' MoveFocus takes a TraveralReqest as its argument.
Dim request As New TraversalRequest(focusDirection)
' Gets the element with keyboard focus.
Dim elementWithFocus As UIElement = TryCast(Keyboard.FocusedElement, UIElement)
' Change keyboard focus.
If elementWithFocus IsNot Nothing Then
elementWithFocus.MoveFocus(request)
End If
End If
End Sub
我已经使用文本框的“标签”属性来跳过移动焦点。即,如果某个时候您不想在按下回车键时移动到下一个控件(在多行文本框的情况下,需要回车来创建新行)。只需将标签属性设置为 1。
【讨论】:
首先为每个元素添加触发器,当PreviewKeyDown 触发时将调用该触发器。还要添加 Dependency 属性并绑定您不会关注的 FrameworkElement。在触发器中提供设置 Focus 到绑定元素。
【讨论】:
我想出了下面的代码。请注意,它没有设置 e.Handled。此外,MoveFocus_Next 不返回移动焦点是否成功,而是返回参数不为空的情况。您可以根据需要添加或删除要处理的控件类型。该代码是为应用程序的 MainWindow 编写的,但也处理其他窗口。您还可以调整代码以从 App_Startup 事件中调用。
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private bool MoveFocus_Next(UIElement uiElement)
{
if (uiElement != null)
{
uiElement.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
return true;
}
return false;
}
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
EventManager.RegisterClassHandler(typeof(Window), Window.PreviewKeyUpEvent, new KeyEventHandler(Window_PreviewKeyUp));
}
private void Window_PreviewKeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Key == Key.Enter)
{
IInputElement inputElement = Keyboard.FocusedElement;
if (inputElement != null)
{
System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.TextBoxBase textBoxBase = inputElement as System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.TextBoxBase;
if (textBoxBase != null)
{
if (!textBoxBase.AcceptsReturn)
MoveFocus_Next(textBoxBase);
return;
}
if (
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as ComboBox)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as Button)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as DatePicker)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as CheckBox)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as DataGrid)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as TabItem)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as RadioButton)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as ListBox)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as ListView)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as PasswordBox)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as Window)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as Page)
||
MoveFocus_Next(inputElement as Frame)
)
return;
}
}
}
}
【讨论】: