如何检查函数是否以角度调用？

Question

我正在尝试在 Angular 中测试 component，我需要测试以下内容

1. 服务函数是否被调用
2. 如何模拟响应

这是我的代码 https://stackblitz.com/edit/angular-testing-w9towo?file=app%2Fapp.component.spec.ts

spec.ts

import { ComponentFixture,TestBed, async,getTestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { HttpClientTestingModule, HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
import { HttpClientModule, HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';

import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { AppService } from './app.service';

describe('AppComponent', () => {
  let fixture:ComponentFixture<AppComponent>,
      component:AppComponent,
      injector:TestBed,
      service:AppService,
      httpMock:HttpTestingController,
      el:HTMLElement;
  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
       imports: [HttpClientTestingModule],
      declarations: [
        AppComponent
      ],
      providers: [ AppService ]

    }).compileComponents();
  }));

  afterEach(() => {
  //httpMock.verify();
});
  fixture = TestBed.createComponent(AppComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
   // injector = getTestBed();
   // service = injector.get(AppService);
   // httpMock = injector.get(HttpTestingController);

    spyOn('appService',getData);


  describe('AppComponent onit test', () => {
  it('should create the app', async(() => {
    expect(true).toBe(true);
  }));
  it('should called appService getData method', async(() => {
    expect(appService.getData).toHaveBeenCalled();
  }));
})
});

出现错误 无法读取 null 的属性 'injector'

Answer 1

你可以这样模拟服务：

const mockPosts: Posts = {
   userId: 10,
   id: 10,
   title: "post",
   body: "post"};

class MockAppService extends AppService{

   public getData() {
      return Observable.of(mockPosts)
   }
  }

并在您的提供程序中使用该模拟类而不是服务

 { provide: AppService, useClass: MockAppService },

并添加：

 fixture = TestBed.createComponent(AppComponent);
 component = fixture.componentInstance;
 appservice = TestBed.get(AppService); // this line

您可以监视该服务并返回这样的值

spyOn(appservice , 'getData').and.returnValue("your value")

最终文件

   import { ComponentFixture,TestBed, async,getTestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
  import { HttpClientTestingModule, HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
  import { HttpClientModule, HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';

  import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
  import { AppService } from './app.service';
  import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
  import { Posts } from './post.interface';
  import 'rxjs/add/observable/of';

  const mockPosts: Posts = 
  {userId: 10,
  id: 10,
  title: "post",
  body: "post",};
 class MockAppService extends AppService {
 public getData(){
    return Observable.of(mockPosts)
   }
 }

 describe('AppComponent', () => {
  let fixture:ComponentFixture<AppComponent>,
  component:AppComponent,
  injector:TestBed,
  service:AppService,
  httpMock:HttpTestingController,
  el:HTMLElement;
 beforeEach(async(() => {
 TestBed.configureTestingModule({
   imports: [HttpClientTestingModule],
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
   ],
   providers: [ 
    { provide: AppService, useClass: MockAppService }
   ]

   }).compileComponents();
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(AppComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    service = TestBed.get(AppService)
    // injector = getTestBed();
    // service = injector.get(AppService);
    // httpMock = injector.get(HttpTestingController);
    spyOn(service,'getData');
  }));

  afterEach(() => {
  //httpMock.verify();
  });
  fixture = TestBed.createComponent(AppComponent);
  component = fixture.componentInstance;
  service = TestBed.get(AppService)
  // injector = getTestBed();
  // service = injector.get(AppService);
  // httpMock = injector.get(HttpTestingController);

  spyOn(service,'getData');


  describe('AppComponent onit test', () => {
  it('should create the app', async(() => {
    expect(true).toBe(true);
  }));
  it('should called appService getData method', async(() => {
      fixture.detectChanges(); 
     expect(service.getData).toHaveBeenCalled();
  }));
  })
 });