Java Swing 计时器不清晰

Question

我在使用 Java swing 的 Timer 功能时遇到了一些问题。我对使用 Java 编程相当陌生，因此非常感谢任何帮助。我查看了该站点上的许多其他 Timer 问题，但没有一个回答我的问题。我制作了一个 GUI，允许您玩石头剪刀布，您可以在其中单击三个按钮进行选择。我希望我的程序在您单击按钮后休眠大约 1 秒钟，然后在它显示一条消息后再次休眠。在我意识到 Thread.sleep() 不适用于我的 GUI 之后，我尝试实现一个计时器。

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*; 
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.io.*;

public class rps { 
//ROCK PAPER SCISSORS
static JLabel middle = new JLabel();
static JLabel them = new JLabel();
static JLabel yourWins = new JLabel();
static JLabel theirWins = new JLabel();
static JPanel yourPanel = new JPanel();
static JPanel middlePanel = new JPanel();
static JLabel blank1 = new JLabel();
static JLabel blank2 = new JLabel();
static JButton rock = new JButton("Rock");
static JButton paper = new JButton("Paper");
static JButton scissors = new JButton("Scissors");
static int yw = 0;
static int tw = 0;
static ButtonHandler listener = new ButtonHandler();

public static void main(String[] args) { 

    //Create the frame
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("Rock Paper Scissors");
    frame.setSize(500, 500); //Setting the size of the frame

    middle.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 30)); 
    middle.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
    them.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 15));
    them.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
    yourWins.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
    theirWins.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

    //Creating panels
    JPanel bigPanel = new JPanel();

    Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLACK, 1); 
    Border wlb = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED, 1); 
    them.setBorder(border);
    yourPanel.setBorder(border);
    bigPanel.setBorder(border);
    yourWins.setBorder(wlb);
    theirWins.setBorder(wlb);
    middlePanel.setBorder(border);

    //Creating grid layouts 
    GridLayout yourGrid = new GridLayout(1,3,10,10); 
    GridLayout theirGrid = new GridLayout(1,1); //One row, one column
    GridLayout middleGrid = new GridLayout(5,1);
    GridLayout bigGrid = new GridLayout(3,1);//Two rows, one column

    //Setting the layouts of each panel to the grid layouts created above
    yourPanel.setLayout(yourGrid); //Adding layout to buttons panel
    them.setLayout(theirGrid); //Adding layout to label panel
    middlePanel.setLayout(middleGrid); 
    bigPanel.setLayout(bigGrid);

    //Adding r/p/s to your grid.
    yourPanel.add(rock);
    yourPanel.add(paper);
    yourPanel.add(scissors);

    //Adding w/l rations to middlegrid.
    middlePanel.add(theirWins);
    middlePanel.add(blank1);
    middlePanel.add(middle);
    middlePanel.add(blank2);
    middlePanel.add(yourWins);

    //Attaching the listener to all the buttons
    rock.addActionListener(listener);
    paper.addActionListener(listener);
    scissors.addActionListener(listener);

    bigPanel.add(them);
    bigPanel.add(middlePanel);
    bigPanel.add(yourPanel); 

    //Shows the score at 0-0.
    yourWins.setText("Your wins: " + yw);
    theirWins.setText("Their wins: " + tw);

    frame.getContentPane().add(bigPanel); //panel to frame 
    frame.setVisible(true); // Shows frame on screen
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}

//Class represents what do when a button is pressed
private static class ButtonHandler implements ActionListener { 
    public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
        Timer timer = new Timer(1000, this);

        String tc = random();
        them.setText("They chose: " + tc + "!");
        if (e.getSource() == rock) {
            whoWins("rock", tc);
        } else if (e.getSource() == paper) {
            whoWins("paper", tc);
        } else if (e.getSource() == scissors) {
            whoWins("scissors", tc);
        }
        yourWins.setText("Your wins: " + yw);
        theirWins.setText("Their wins: " + tw);

        timer.setRepeats(false);
        timer.start();
    }
} 

public static String random() {
    int random = (int) (Math.random() * 3);
    if (random == 0) {
        return "Rock";
    } else if (random == 1) {
        return "Paper";
    } else if (random == 2) {
        return "Scissors";
    }
    return "";
}

public static void whoWins(String yc, String tc) {
    if (yc.equals("rock")) {
        if (tc.equals("Rock")) {
            middle.setText("It's a tie!");            
        } else if (tc.equals("Paper")) {
            middle.setText("You lose!");
            tw++;
        } else if (tc.equals("Scissors")) {
            middle.setText("You win!");
            yw++;
        }
    } else if (yc.equals("paper")) {
        if (tc.equals("Rock")) {
            middle.setText("You win!");
            yw++;
        } else if (tc.equals("Paper")) {
            middle.setText("It's a tie!");
        } else if (tc.equals("Scissors")) {
            middle.setText("You lose!");
            tw++;
        }
    } else if (yc.equals("scissors")) {
        if (tc.equals("Rock")) {
            middle.setText("You lose!");
            tw++;
        } else if (tc.equals("Paper")) {
            middle.setText("You win!");
            yw++;
        } else if (tc.equals("Scissors")) {
            middle.setText("It's a tie!");
        }
    }
}
}

实际发生的情况是从我按下按钮到显示消息没有延迟，因为显然我没有正确使用计时器。我希望计时器只运行一次，运行后代码将执行。但是，当我单击一个按钮时，尽管 setRepeats 为 false，但计时器将重复运行。因此，我想显示的消息不会被延迟，而是会立即显示，但随后会循环显示一条消息（消息是随机的），直到我关闭程序。如果我再次单击该按钮，它将使计时器的速度增加一倍，并且消息显示的速度增加一倍，依此类推。

them.setText("They chose: " + tc + "!");

这是重复显示的消息，变量 tc 每次都在变化。计时器似乎只是在每个计时器间隔 (1s) 显示此消息。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

编辑：

所以我添加了这个部分：

private static class ButtonHandler implements ActionListener { 
    public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
        // I'd be disabling the buttons here to prevent
        // the user from trying to trigger another 
        // update...

        // This is an instance field which is used by your
        // listener

        Timer timer = new Timer(1000, listenert);
        timer.setRepeats(false);
        timer.start();
    }
}
private static class timer implements ActionListener {
    public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
        String tc = random(); //A method that chooses a random word.
        them.setText("They chose: " + tc + "!"); 
        if (e.getSource() == rock) {
            whoWins("rock", tc); //whoWins is a method that will display a message.
        } else if (e.getSource() == paper) {
            whoWins("paper", tc);
        } else if (e.getSource() == scissors) {
            whoWins("scissors", tc);
        }
        yourWins.setText("Your wins: " + yw);
        theirWins.setText("Their wins: " + tw);

        // Start another Timer here that waits 1 second
        // and re-enables the other buttons...
    }
}

所以我相信现在发生的事情是，当我单击一个按钮时，按钮处理程序侦听器会启动附加到计时器侦听器（名为 listenert）的计时器，该计时器将运行计时器类的 actionPerformed 中的代码。但是睡眠功能仍然不起作用

编辑 2.5：

 private static class ButtonHandler implements ActionListener { 
    public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
        final JButton button = (JButton)e.getSource();
        Timer timer = new Timer(1000, new ActionListener() {
                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                        String tc = random();
                        them.setText("They chose: " + tc + "!");
                        if (button == rock) {
                            whoWins("rock", tc);
                        } else if (button == paper) {
                            whoWins("paper", tc);
                        } else if (button == scissors) {
                            whoWins("scissors", tc);
                        }
                        yourWins.setText("Your wins: " + yw);
                        theirWins.setText("Their wins: " + tw);
                    }
                });
        timer.setRepeats(false);
        timer.start();     

    }
} 

这就是我目前所拥有的，我只需要在之后添加antoher sleep them.setText("他们选择了：" + tc + "!"); 如果有的话，我会把 timer.restart() 放在哪里？ timer.start() 在我不太明白的方法的末尾。

Answer 1

因此，当计时器“滴答”时，您提供给Timer 的ActionListener 会收到通知，因此您的ButtonHandler actionPerformed 应该看起来更像...

public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
    // I'd be disabling the buttons here to prevent
    // the user from trying to trigger another 
    // update...

    // This is an instance field which is used by your
    // listener
    choice = e.getSource();

    Timer timer = new Timer(1000, listener);
    timer.setRepeats(false);
    timer.start();
}

你的listener 应该看起来更像

public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {
    String tc = random(); //A method that chooses a random word.
    them.setText("They chose: " + tc + "!"); 
    if (choice == rock) {
        whoWins("rock", tc); //whoWins is a method that will display a message.
    } else if (choice == paper) {
        whoWins("paper", tc);
    } else if (choice == scissors) {
        whoWins("scissors", tc);
    }
    yourWins.setText("Your wins: " + yw);
    theirWins.setText("Their wins: " + tw);

    // Start another Timer here that waits 1 second
    // and re-enables the other buttons...
}

例如...

您可以考虑查看How to use Swing Timers了解更多详情

更新

从一个简单的例子开始... 公共类 TestPane 扩展 JPanel {

    private JLabel label;
    private SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");

    public TestPane() {
        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
        label = new JLabel();
        add(label);
        tick();

        Timer timer = new Timer(500, new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                tick();
            }
        });
        timer.start();
    }

    protected void tick() {

        label.setText(sdf.format(new Date()));

    }
}

这只是每半秒调用一次tick方法来更新JLabel上的时间...

Answer 2

首先导入以下内容；

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent ;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener ;

import javax.swing.Timer ; 

然后像这样在表格末尾初始化计时器； 公共静态 void main(String args[]) {

 java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {        
            public void run() {       
            new mainprogramme().setVisible(true);    
        }    

});

}    
    private Timer timer ;

然后在初始化计时器后添加一个公共类，如下所示；

公共类进度实现 ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt){

int n = 0 ;
if (n<100){
    n++ ;
    System.out.println(n) ;
}else{
    timer.stop() ;
}
}
}

完成此操作后转到 j 框架>右键单击并选择>事件>窗口>打开的窗口并键入以下内容；

private void formWindowOpened(java.awt.event.WindowEvent evt) {                                  
        timer = new Timer(100,new progress()) ;

在你完成所有这些之后，将一个按钮命名为任何东西，然后在其空白处键入以下内容，如下所示；

 timer.start();

这就是它的代码，然后回复我......