如何过滤数组并获取整个数据条目？答案

【问题标题】：How to Filter an Array and get the entire data entry?如何过滤数组并获取整个数据条目？
【发布时间】：2021-06-29 21:40:33
【问题描述】：

我有，

[
  {
    _id: 60673d40ba14f617081bdf4d,
    ImageName: 'Flowers',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/1.jpg',
    Description: 'A cool Image',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: 60673e099d76ef16a8ec4588,
    ImageName: 'Water Bubble Colors',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/2.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: 60673e39f10c4a12a0f4ea31,
    ImageName: 'Egg Silhouette Wallpaper',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/3.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: 60673e4a15d9bb18a01312df,
    ImageName: 'Pencil BW ',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/4.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: 60673e6c6de9bb1bf8c65d25,
    ImageName: 'Water',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/5.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: 60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596,
    ImageName: 'Dining Plate',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/6.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  }
]

和var id = req.params.id，基本上是60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596。现在如何使用我拥有的 id 变量过滤数组并获取具有 id 的整个对象？我想要带有 _id、ImageName、ImagePath、__v 和 Description 的整个对象。

我搜索了很多，找到了array.filter方法，但它太复杂了，对我没有帮助，我更加困惑。

【问题讨论】：

标签： javascript arrays

【解决方案1】：

您可以尝试使用Array.prototype.filter()检查id：

var data = [
  {
    _id: '60673d40ba14f617081bdf4d',
    ImageName: 'Flowers',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/1.jpg',
    Description: 'A cool Image',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: '60673e099d76ef16a8ec4588',
    ImageName: 'Water Bubble Colors',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/2.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: '60673e39f10c4a12a0f4ea31',
    ImageName: 'Egg Silhouette Wallpaper',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/3.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: '60673e4a15d9bb18a01312df',
    ImageName: 'Pencil BW ',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/4.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: '60673e6c6de9bb1bf8c65d25',
    ImageName: 'Water',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/5.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  },
  {
    _id: '60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596',
    ImageName: 'Dining Plate',
    ImagePath: './public/assets/img/6.jpg',
    Description: 'Wallpapers',
    __v: 0
  }
]
var id = '60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596'; //req.params.id

var res = data.filter(d => d._id == id);
console.log(res);

【讨论】：

注意：_id 应该是一个字符串。在最初的问题中不是。

【解决方案2】：

假设上面的数组被称为foo;

let item = foo.find(e=>e._id == your_id);

它的作用是在 foo 数组中查找，并将返回满足回调传递的第一个条件

但是，如果您想从 mongodb 数据库中获得相同的结果，则可以执行如下查询：

collection.find({_id:ObjectID(your_id)})

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您可以使用Array.prototype.find 来获取元素。它将直接返回元素。如果您需要多种解决方案来查找数组中的元素。 Check if object value exists within a Javascript array of objects and if not add a new object to array

const arr = [
  {
    _id: "60673d40ba14f617081bdf4d",
    ImageName: "Flowers",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/1.jpg",
    Description: "A cool Image",
    __v: 0,
  },
  {
    _id: "60673e099d76ef16a8ec4588",
    ImageName: "Water Bubble Colors",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/2.jpg",
    Description: "Wallpapers",
    __v: 0,
  },
  {
    _id: "60673e39f10c4a12a0f4ea31",
    ImageName: "Egg Silhouette Wallpaper",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/3.jpg",
    Description: "Wallpapers",
    __v: 0,
  },
  {
    _id: "60673e4a15d9bb18a01312df",
    ImageName: "Pencil BW ",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/4.jpg",
    Description: "Wallpapers",
    __v: 0,
  },
  {
    _id: "60673e6c6de9bb1bf8c65d25",
    ImageName: "Water",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/5.jpg",
    Description: "Wallpapers",
    __v: 0,
  },
  {
    _id: "60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596",
    ImageName: "Dining Plate",
    ImagePath: "./public/assets/img/6.jpg",
    Description: "Wallpapers",
    __v: 0,
  },
];

var id = "60673e8a8af58b1fb8b11596";

const result = arr.find(({ _id }) => _id === id);
console.log(result);

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

如果您使用的是猫鼬。您可以使用findById(id)。例如：Model.findById(id)

【讨论】：