如何使用 Excel for Mac 2011 将工作表保存为 UTF-8 格式的 CSV 文件？

Question

我有以下 Excel VBA 脚本，我在 Excel for Mac 2011 中使用该脚本将 Excel 文件的所有工作表导出到 .csv 文件。

Sub save_all_csv()
    On Error Resume Next
    Dim ExcelFileName As String
    ExcelFileName = ThisWorkbook.Name
    For Each objWorksheet In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets
        ExcelFileNameWithoutExtension = RemoveExtension(ExcelFileName)
        CsvFileName = ExcelFileNameWithoutExtension & "__" & objWorksheet.Name & ".csv"
        Application.DisplayAlerts = False
        objWorksheet.SaveAs Filename:="data:storage:original_excel:" & CsvFileName, FileFormat:=xlCSV, CreateBackup:=False
        Application.DisplayAlerts = True
    Next
    Application.DisplayAlerts = False
    Application.Quit
End Sub
Function RemoveExtension(strFileName As String)
    strFileName = Replace(strFileName, ".xlsx", "")
    strFileName = Replace(strFileName, ".xls", "")
    RemoveExtension = strFileName
End Function

问题是它们保存为 Western Mac OS Roman，我无法通过 PHP 转换为 UTF-8，所以我想让 VBA 将这些文件保存为 UTF-8首先是格式。

我找到了一些通过 Stream 对象和 CreateObject 从 VBA 保存文本的解决方案，但它是 apparently not possibile on the Mac to use CreateObject to write directly to files。

如何使用 Excel for Mac 2011 将工作表保存为 UTF-8 格式的 CSV 文件？

Answer 1

我认为您必须自己创建文件是对的，而且我很确定您不能使用 CreateObject 来制作流。但是，您可能想考虑使用 Open、Write 等（周围有很多示例，但 here's one）。不过，我会先做一个非常小的实验性的，只是为了检查最终的编码。

克里斯

Answer 2

我遇到了同样的问题，最后只是写了一个例程来编码为utf-8。此代码适用于我在 Mac:Excel 2011 中的 MacBook Pro。只需使用 此函数创建的字节数组来进行二进制文件输出。就我而言，我正在处理泰语脚本，以便自动使用 Mac 出色的语音合成器。

Private Function UTF8Encode(b() As Byte) As Byte()
    ' Function to convert a Unicode Byte array into a byte array that can be written to create a UTF8 Encoded file.
    ' Note the function supports the one, two and three byte UTF8 forms.
    ' Note: the MS VBA documentation is confusing. It says the String types only supports single byte charset
    '           however, thankfully, it does in fact contain 2 byte Unicode values.
    ' Wrote this routine as last resort, tried many ways to get unicode chars to a file or to a shell script call
    ' but this was the only way could get to work.
    ' RT Perkin
    ' 30/10/2015

    Dim b1, b2, b3 As Byte            ' UTF8 encoded bytes
    Dim u1, u2 As Byte                  ' Unicode input bytes
    Dim out As New Collection      ' Collection to build output array
    Dim i, j As Integer
    Dim unicode As Long

    If UBound(b) <= 0 Then
        Exit Function
    End If

    For i = 0 To UBound(b) Step 2
        u1 = b(i)
        u2 = b(i + 1)
        unicode = u2 * 256 + u1

        If unicode < &H80 Then
            ' Boils down to ASCII, one byte UTF-8
            out.Add (u1)
        ElseIf unicode < &H800 Then
            ' Two byte UTF-8
            ' Code path not tested
            b1 = &H80 Or (&H3F And u1)
            b2 = &HC0 Or (Int(u1 / 64)) Or ((&H7 And u2) * 4)
            out.Add (b2) ' Add most significant byte first
            out.Add (b1)
        ElseIf unicode < &H10000 Then
            ' Three byte UTF-8
            ' Thai chars are in this range
            b1 = &H80 Or (&H3F And u1)
            b2 = &H80 Or (Int(u1 / 64)) Or ((&HF And u2) * 4)
            b3 = &HE0 Or (Int(u2 / 16))
            out.Add (b3) ' Add most significant byte first
            out.Add (b2)
            out.Add (b1)
        Else
            ' This case wont arise as VBA strings are 2 byte. Which makes some Unicode codepoints uncodeable.
        End If

    Next

    Dim outBytes() As Byte
    ReDim outBytes(1 To out.Count)
    For j = 1 To out.Count
        outBytes(j) = CByte(out.Item(j))
    Next

    UTF8Encode = outBytes

End Function

Answer 3

我不知道这是否适用于 Excel for Mac 2011，但对于较新的版本，只需使用 FileFormat:=xlCSVUTF8，它将以 UTF-8 保存文件。