【发布时间】:2014-09-22 07:14:15
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试使用 Python 为射弹运动路径设置动画。为此,我使用了 matplotlib 的动画模块。我的完整脚本如下。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import math
import sys
import matplotlib.animation as anim
from matplotlib.pyplot import figure, show
# Gravitational acceleration in m/s/s
g = -9.81
# Starting velocity in m/s.
vel = 100
# Starting angle in radians.
ang = 45 * math.pi / 180
# Starting height in m.
y0 = 0
# Time settings.
t = 0
dt = 0.1
time = -vel**2 * math.sin(2 * ang) / g
def projectile():
print g, vel, ang, y0, dt, time
print t # Crashes here with UnboundLocalError: local variable 't' referenced before assignment
t=0 # With this it works
x = 0
y = 0.1
xc = []
yc = []
# Simulate the projectile.
while t < time:
x = vel * math.cos(ang) * t
y = vel * math.sin(ang) * t + (g * t**2) / 2 + y0
if y < 0:
break
t += dt
xc.append(x)
yc.append(y)
yield x, y
def update_frame(sim):
x, y = sim[0], sim[1]
line.set_data(x, y)
return line,
def init():
line.set_data([], [])
return line,
# Show the results.
fig = figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.set_xlim([-5,1500])
ax.set_ylim([0,300])
# ax.plot returns a single-element tuple, hence the comma after line.
line, = ax.plot([], [], 'ro', ms=5)
ani = anim.FuncAnimation(fig=fig, func=update_frame, frames=projectile, blit=True, interval=20, init_func=init, repeat=False)
show()
我遇到的问题是我似乎能够使用除t 之外的所有变量。我这样做是为了创建一个停止条件,因此它只会运行一次,后来我发现了repeat=False,但我仍然对此感到好奇。为什么我不能在projectile 中使用t?我正在使用 Anaconda 1.9.1 包中的 Matplotlib 1.3.1 运行 Python 2.7.6。
【问题讨论】:
标签: python python-2.7 matplotlib scope