urllib.request.urlopen(URL) 在 python3 中不起作用答案

【问题标题】：urllib.request.urlopen(URL) not working in python3urllib.request.urlopen(URL) 在 python3 中不起作用
【发布时间】：2023-11-26 01:21:01
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 urllib.request.urlopen 访问 JSON。当我在 python2 中使用 urllib2 时它工作正常，但不是 urllib.request.urlopen。

URL = 'https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/latest'

f = urllib.request.urlopen(URL)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1316, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1229, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1275, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1224, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1016, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 956, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1391, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 415, in wrap_socket
    _session=session
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 826, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 1080, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 701, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:864)

在处理上述异常的过程中，又发生了一个异常：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "a1.py", line 19, in <module>
    print(getLatestRates())
  File "a1.py", line 15, in getLatestRates
    f = urllib.request.urlopen(URL)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 222, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 525, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 543, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 503, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1359, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:864)>

【问题讨论】：

您是在防火墙后面还是在使用带有“俘获”屏幕的公共 wifi？
你是在windows还是mac上？您是否安装了 Python3.7 的根证书？也许您应该阅读以下内容：*.com/questions/44649449/…
This 可能是问题所在。

标签： python python-3.x urllib urllib2 urlopen

【解决方案1】：

这是我用过的，效果很好：

from urllib.request import urlopen

URL = 'https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/latest'
f = urlopen(URL)

我希望这对你有用！

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您可以尝试禁用 ssl 验证

import urllib3
urllib3.disable_warnings(urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

就我而言，request.py 中存在错误问题：

_load_windows_store_certs导致MemoryError

通过将 python 从版本 3.7.4 更新到 3.8.1

修复

希望有帮助

【讨论】：