允许来自应用引擎防火墙规则的云功能 IP

Question

我们创建了一个应用引擎实例作为后端，另一个来自云功能。 现在云功能需要从同一个谷歌项目中的应用程序引擎访问 api，如果应用程序引擎的防火墙允许每个人访问，这可以正常工作。但在我们的例子中，我们只需要限制来自云功能的访问。

我是 GCP 的新手，非常感谢您的建议。提前致谢。

Answer 1

最好的解决方案是激活IAP for App Engine（身份感知代理）。 Here 您可以找到有关如何在 App Engine 上激活 IAP 的指南。

IAP 将阻止任何人、任何应用程序访问您的 App Engine 实例，但您将手动允许。在您的情况下，您需要允许 Cloud Functions 服务帐户访问您的应用程序。您可以查看this guide，了解如何通过 Cloud Functions 以编程方式实现这一目标。您有 C#、Python、Java 和 PHP 的示例。

例如 Python ：

import google.auth
import google.auth.app_engine
import google.auth.compute_engine.credentials
import google.auth.iam
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
import google.oauth2.credentials
import google.oauth2.service_account
import requests
import requests_toolbelt.adapters.appengine


IAM_SCOPE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/iam'
OAUTH_TOKEN_URI = 'https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token'


def make_iap_request(url, client_id, method='GET', **kwargs):
    """Makes a request to an application protected by Identity-Aware Proxy.
Args:
  url: The Identity-Aware Proxy-protected URL to fetch.
  client_id: The client ID used by Identity-Aware Proxy.
  method: The request method to use
          ('GET', 'OPTIONS', 'HEAD', 'POST', 'PUT', 'PATCH', 'DELETE')
  **kwargs: Any of the parameters defined for the request function:
            https://github.com/requests/requests/blob/master/requests/api.py
            If no timeout is provided, it is set to 90 by default.

Returns:
  The page body, or raises an exception if the page couldn't be retrieved.
"""
# Set the default timeout, if missing
if 'timeout' not in kwargs:
    kwargs['timeout'] = 90

# Figure out what environment we're running in and get some preliminary
# information about the service account.
bootstrap_credentials, _ = google.auth.default(
    scopes=[IAM_SCOPE])
if isinstance(bootstrap_credentials,
              google.oauth2.credentials.Credentials):
    raise Exception('make_iap_request is only supported for service '
                    'accounts.')
elif isinstance(bootstrap_credentials,
                google.auth.app_engine.Credentials):
    requests_toolbelt.adapters.appengine.monkeypatch()

# For service account's using the Compute Engine metadata service,
# service_account_email isn't available until refresh is called.
bootstrap_credentials.refresh(Request())

signer_email = bootstrap_credentials.service_account_email
if isinstance(bootstrap_credentials,
              google.auth.compute_engine.credentials.Credentials):
    # Since the Compute Engine metadata service doesn't expose the service
    # account key, we use the IAM signBlob API to sign instead.
    # In order for this to work:
    #
    # 1. Your VM needs the https://www.googleapis.com/auth/iam scope.
    #    You can specify this specific scope when creating a VM
    #    through the API or gcloud. When using Cloud Console,
    #    you'll need to specify the "full access to all Cloud APIs"
    #    scope. A VM's scopes can only be specified at creation time.
    #
    # 2. The VM's default service account needs the "Service Account Actor"
    #    role. This can be found under the "Project" category in Cloud
    #    Console, or roles/iam.serviceAccountActor in gcloud.
    signer = google.auth.iam.Signer(
        Request(), bootstrap_credentials, signer_email)
else:
    # A Signer object can sign a JWT using the service account's key.
    signer = bootstrap_credentials.signer

# Construct OAuth 2.0 service account credentials using the signer
# and email acquired from the bootstrap credentials.
service_account_credentials = google.oauth2.service_account.Credentials(
    signer, signer_email, token_uri=OAUTH_TOKEN_URI, additional_claims={
        'target_audience': client_id
    })

# service_account_credentials gives us a JWT signed by the service
# account. Next, we use that to obtain an OpenID Connect token,
# which is a JWT signed by Google.
google_open_id_connect_token = get_google_open_id_connect_token(
    service_account_credentials)

# Fetch the Identity-Aware Proxy-protected URL, including an
# Authorization header containing "Bearer " followed by a
# Google-issued OpenID Connect token for the service account.
resp = requests.request(
    method, url,
    headers={'Authorization': 'Bearer {}'.format(
        google_open_id_connect_token)}, **kwargs)
if resp.status_code == 403:
    raise Exception('Service account {} does not have permission to '
                    'access the IAP-protected application.'.format(
                        signer_email))
elif resp.status_code != 200:
    raise Exception(
        'Bad response from application: {!r} / {!r} / {!r}'.format(
            resp.status_code, resp.headers, resp.text))
else:
    return resp.text


def get_google_open_id_connect_token(service_account_credentials):
    """Get an OpenID Connect token issued by Google for the service account.

This function:

  1. Generates a JWT signed with the service account's private key
     containing a special "target_audience" claim.

  2. Sends it to the OAUTH_TOKEN_URI endpoint. Because the JWT in #1
     has a target_audience claim, that endpoint will respond with
     an OpenID Connect token for the service account -- in other words,
     a JWT signed by *Google*. The aud claim in this JWT will be
     set to the value from the target_audience claim in #1.

For more information, see
https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/OAuth2ServiceAccount .
The HTTP/REST example on that page describes the JWT structure and
demonstrates how to call the token endpoint. (The example on that page
shows how to get an OAuth2 access token; this code is using a
modified version of it to get an OpenID Connect token.)
"""

service_account_jwt = (
    service_account_credentials._make_authorization_grant_assertion())
request = google.auth.transport.requests.Request()
body = {
    'assertion': service_account_jwt,
    'grant_type': google.oauth2._client._JWT_GRANT_TYPE,
}
token_response = google.oauth2._client._token_endpoint_request(
    request, OAUTH_TOKEN_URI, body)
return token_response['id_token']

如果您在 Nodejs 上使用云函数，StackOverflow 用户在this post 中创建了一个关于如何为 Nodejs 实现相同功能的示例。