加载扩展部分 usr_cert 时出错

Question

我在 Ubuntu 14.04 机器上运行 openvpn。在 OpenSSL 升级之前设置很好，然后当我尝试使用 easy-rsa 创建新的客户端证书时，我收到了以下消息：

root@:easy-rsa# ./pkitool onokun
Using Common Name: onokun
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.+++
........+++
writing new private key to 'onokun.key'
-----
Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl-1.0.0.cnf
Error Loading extension section usr_cert
3074119356:error:0E06D06C:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no value:conf_lib.c:335:group=CA_default name=email_in_dn
3074119356:error:2207507C:X509 V3 routines:v2i_GENERAL_NAME_ex:missing value:v3_alt.c:537:
3074119356:error:22098080:X509 V3 routines:X509V3_EXT_nconf:error in extension:v3_conf.c:93:name=subjectAltName, value=onokun

此问题与报告的错误不同，即which opensslcnf 脚本找不到要使用的openssl.cnf 的匹配版本（上面的消息显示openssl-1.0.0.cnf）。我执行了 Google 搜索，但没有找到答案。

以下是一些环境信息：

## openvpn
OpenVPN 2.3.2 i686-pc-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] [MH] [IPv6] built on Feb  4 2014
Originally developed by James Yonan

## openssl
OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014

## dpkg --get-selections | grep ssl
libgnutls-openssl27:i386                        install
libio-socket-ssl-perl                           install
libnet-smtp-ssl-perl                            install
libnet-ssleay-perl                              install
libssl-dev:i386                                 install
libssl-doc                                      install
libssl0.9.8:i386                                install
libssl1.0.0:i386                                install
openssl                                         install
ssl-cert                                        install

我应该看什么来解决这个问题？谢谢，

Answer 1

Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl-1.0.0.cnf
Error Loading extension section usr_cert

我没有/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl-1.0.0.cnf，所以请谨慎对待...

opensslconf.h 来自 OpenSSL 的分发版是否包含该部分：

openssl-1.0.1h$ grep -R usr_cert *
apps/openssl-vms.cnf:x509_extensions    = usr_cert      # The extensions to add to the cert
apps/openssl-vms.cnf:[ usr_cert ]
apps/openssl.cnf:x509_extensions    = usr_cert      # The extensions to add to the cert
apps/openssl.cnf:[ usr_cert ]

你能恢复旧版本的/etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl-1.0.0.cnf吗？

这是来自apps/openssl.cnf 的部分。如果它丢失，您可以考虑将其添加到 Easy RSA 的配置文件中。首先，尝试一个空白部分。然后尝试将原始代码添加回来。

[ usr_cert ]

# These extensions are added when 'ca' signs a request.

# This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
# requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.

basicConstraints=CA:FALSE

# Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
# the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.

# This is OK for an SSL server.
# nsCertType            = server

# For an object signing certificate this would be used.
# nsCertType = objsign

# For normal client use this is typical
# nsCertType = client, email

# and for everything including object signing:
# nsCertType = client, email, objsign

# This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
# keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

# This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
nsComment           = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"

# PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer

# This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
# Import the email address.
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# An alternative to produce certificates that aren't
# deprecated according to PKIX.
# subjectAltName=email:move

# Copy subject details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

#nsCaRevocationUrl      = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
#nsBaseUrl
#nsRevocationUrl
#nsRenewalUrl
#nsCaPolicyUrl
#nsSslServerName

# This is required for TSA certificates.
# extendedKeyUsage = critical,timeStamping

Answer 2

通过比较没有此问题的早期 Ubuntu 14.04 安装，似乎特定问题与“subjectAltName”有关。我没有详细了解它的作用，但下面的命令将修复您的“openssl-1.0.0.cnf”文件：

perl -p -i -e 's|^(subjectAltName=)|#$1|;' /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl-1.0.0.cnf

我可能应该提交一份错误报告。

Answer 3

我终于得到了他的工作（在我的机器上） 首先我的设置有点不同，我在 Windows10 上，运行 OpenSSL 1.0.2h。我正在尝试为测试生成多个证书、CA 和其他内容，但出现错误：

configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no value:.\crypto\conf\conf_lib.c:324:group=CA_default name=email_in_dn

为了解决这个问题，我发现将条目 email_in_dn = no 放在 CA_Default openssl.cfg 部分中，如下所示

####################################################################
[ CA_default ]
dir     = ./demoCA              # Where everything is kept
certs       = $dir/certs        # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir     = $dir/crl          # Where the issued crl are kept
database    = $dir/index.txt    # database index file.
new_certs_dir   = $dir/newcerts # default place for new certs.

certificate = $dir/ca.crt       # The CA certificate
serial      = $dir/serial       # The current serial number
crl     = $dir/crl.pem          # The current CRL
private_key = $dir/private/caprivkey.pem# The private key
RANDFILE    = $dir/private/.rand    # private random number file
x509_extensions = usr_cert      # The extentions to add to the cert
email_in_dn = no                # <-- fixes CONF_get_string:no value

我希望这对其他人有帮助。

Answer 4

这是作为 Ubuntu 中的错误提交的。见SSL certificate creation crashes without subjectAltName。

Yuriy 描述的解决方法似乎有效（从启动板复制）：

在 /usr/share/easy-rsa/pkitool 文件中

只需替换表达式：

KEY_ALTNAMES="$KEY_CN"

到：

KEY_ALTNAMES="DNS:${KEY_CN}"

在我的文件版本中，这是第 284 行，就在字符串“Using Common Name”之后

Answer 5

要摆脱这个错误：

3074119356:error:0E06D06C:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no value:conf_lib.c:335:group=CA_default name=email_in_dn

使用

-noemailDN 

在 openssl 命令中。

例如：

$  openssl ca -batch -config openssl.cnf -extensions usr_cert -noemailDN -days 375 -notext -md sha256 -in csr/www.example8.com.csr.pem -out certs/www.example8.com.cert.pem -verbose -passin pass:changeit