不幸的是,我认为您不会找到比在Android: How to maximize PreferenceFragment width (or get rid of margin)? 中发现的更好的答案。我将解释原因并为您提供一种替代方案,您可能认为该替代方案比您参考的答案中提供的更差。
首选项屏幕下方是我们将识别的每个项目的布局。这些是我们将使用的首选项库依赖项:
implementation 'com.android.support:preference-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:preference-v14:27.1.1'
主题的preferenceTheme 属性定义了首选项的外观。
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
...
<!-- Theme for the preferences -->
<item name="preferenceTheme">@style/PreferenceThemeOverlay.v14.Material</item>
</style>
我们看到从PreferenceThemeOverlay.v14.Material向上父链(ctrl-B)
<style name="PreferenceThemeOverlay.v14.Material">
...
<item name="preferenceStyle">@style/Preference.Material</item>
...
</style>
Preference.Material 定义为:
<style name="Preference.Material">
<item name="android:layout">@layout/preference_material</item>
</style>
首选项的布局是preference_material.xml。这是source。
我们对这个布局的以下部分感兴趣:
...
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:paddingTop="16dp"
android:paddingBottom="16dp">
<TextView android:id="@+id/title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:singleLine="true"
android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItem"
android:ellipsize="marquee" />
<TextView android:id="@+id/summary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@id/title"
android:layout_alignStart="@id/title"
android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItemSecondary"
android:textColor="?attr/textColorSecondary"
android:maxLines="10"
android:ellipsize="end" />
</RelativeLayout>
...
如您所见,RelativeLayout 的顶部和底部填充是硬编码的。由于未使用样式属性,因此无法覆盖填充。由于这种硬编码,您有两种选择:
使用您找到的答案中概述的“非常糟糕的解决方法”,其中涉及 Java 代码来修改填充,或者,
通过在 XML 中为您的偏好定义 android:layout="@layout/custom_preference" 来使用您自己的布局。您可以复制 Android 布局并进行修改。
每种方法都有缺点,因此请选择您认为最能应对的方法。
以下是演示偏好布局替换的小应用程序的关键组件。
MainActivity.java
为方便起见,此活动在首选项片段中滚动。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
Fragment preferenceFragment = new PrefsFragment();
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft.add(R.id.prefContainer, preferenceFragment);
ft.commit();
}
}
public static class PrefsFragment extends PreferenceFragmentCompat {
@Override
public void onCreatePreferences(Bundle bundle, String s) {
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.app_preferences);
}
}
}
app_preference.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<android.support.v7.preference.Preference
android:key="preference"
android:layout="@layout/custom_pref_layout"
android:summary="Doesn't really do anything."
android:title="Preference Title" />
<android.support.v7.preference.EditTextPreference
android:defaultValue="Default EditTextPreference value"
android:dialogMessage="EditTextPreference Dialog Message"
android:inputType="number"
android:key="editTextPreference"
android:layout="@layout/custom_pref_layout"
android:summary="EditTextPreference Summary"
android:title="EditTextPreference Title" />
<android.support.v7.preference.SwitchPreferenceCompat
android:defaultValue="true"
android:key="switchPreference"
android:layout="@layout/custom_pref_layout"
android:summary="SwitchPreference Summary"
android:title="SwitchPreference Title" />
<android.support.v7.preference.CheckBoxPreference
android:defaultValue="true"
android:key="checkBoxPreference"
android:layout="@layout/custom_pref_layout"
android:summary="CheckBoxPreference Summary"
android:title="CheckBoxPreference Title" />
<android.support.v7.preference.ListPreference
android:defaultValue="180"
android:entries="@array/pref_sync_frequency_titles"
android:entryValues="@array/pref_sync_frequency_values"
android:key="list_preference"
android:layout="@layout/custom_pref_layout"
android:negativeButtonText="@null"
android:positiveButtonText="@null"
android:title="List Preference Title" />
</android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen>
activity_main.xml
简单地为偏好片段定义一个主页。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/prefContainer"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.preferencecustomlayout.MainActivity" />
custom_pref_layout.xml
已进行了一些修改以适应此文件的使用,主要将?attr/somthing更新为?android:attr/something。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Layout for a Preference in a PreferenceActivity. The
Preference is able to place a specific widget for its particular
type in the "widget_frame" layout. -->
<!-- Modified from the original to accommodate usage as a local layout file. -->
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="?android:attr/activatedBackgroundIndicator"
android:clipToPadding="false"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:minHeight="?attr/listPreferredItemHeightSmall"
android:paddingEnd="?android:attr/listPreferredItemPaddingEnd"
android:paddingStart="?android:attr/listPreferredItemPaddingStart">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/icon_frame"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="-4dp"
android:gravity="start|center_vertical"
android:minWidth="60dp"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:paddingBottom="4dp"
android:paddingEnd="12dp"
android:paddingTop="4dp">
<com.android.internal.widget.PreferenceImageView
android:id="@+id/icon"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:maxHeight="48dp"
android:maxWidth="48dp" />
</LinearLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:paddingBottom="16dp"
android:paddingTop="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="@android:id/title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ellipsize="marquee"
android:singleLine="true"
android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItem" />
<TextView
android:id="@android:id/summary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignStart="@android:id/title"
android:layout_below="@android:id/title"
android:ellipsize="end"
android:maxLines="10"
android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItemSecondary"
android:textColor="?android:attr/textColorSecondary" />
</RelativeLayout>
<!-- Preference should place its actual preference widget here. -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="@android:id/widget_frame"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="end|center_vertical"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingStart="16dp" />
</LinearLayout>
Gradle 文件
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
buildToolsVersion '27.0.3'
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.preferencecustomlayout"
minSdkVersion 18
targetSdkVersion 27
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:preference-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:preference-v14:27.1.1'
}