反应 Django 身份验证

Question

我正在尝试通过 ReactJS 应用程序登录，这是我得到的错误：

从 'http://localhost:8000/auth/login/' 访问 XMLHttpRequest 来源 'http://localhost:3000' 已被 CORS 策略阻止： 对预检请求的响应未通过访问控制检查： 响应中“Access-Control-Allow-Credentials”标头的值 当请求的凭证模式为 '' 时必须为 'true' '包括'。发起请求的凭证模式 XMLHttpRequest 由 withCredentials 属性控制。

即使我在settings.py 中添加了CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS: True：

"""
Django settings for config project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = ''

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
CORS_ALLOWED_ORIGINS = ["http://localhost:3000"]


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    "corsheaders",
    'rest_framework',
    'service_get_data',
    'background_task',
    'service_append_data',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
"corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware",
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'config.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'config.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# REST_FRAMEWORK = {
#     'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
#         'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
#     )
# }

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS: True

这里是 Axios 请求：

axios.post('http://localhost:8000/auth/login', {username: username, password:password}, {withCredentials: true})
            .then(r => {console.log(r)})
            .catch(function (error) {
                console.log(error)
              });

以下是发送的请求：

Answer 1

您以错误的顺序编写了 MIDDLEWARE，在您的情况下正确的顺序是
`中间件 = [

'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
"corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware",
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]`

Answer 2

这是使用 django-cors-headers 解决此问题的方法

1. 安装在环境中：pip install django-cors-headers

2. 配置设置

将corsheaders 添加到 INSTALLED_APPS

在CommonMiddleWare上方添加CorsMiddlewareMIDDLEWARE

创建CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST

例子：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
    'corsheaders',
    ...
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # Others middleware here
]

CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = (
    'http://localhost:3000', # For react front end
    'http://localhost:8000', # For Django
)

注意：corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware 出现在正确的位置非常重要。这在MIDDLEWARE 设置中高于django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware 因为middlewares 是从上到下加载的。 另请注意，我们将两个域列入白名单： localhost:3000 和 localhost:8000 。前者是 React 的默认端口，我们将在前端使用它。后者是默认的 Django 端口。

Answer 3

我花了好几个小时才发现这是一个愚蠢的错误：

CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS: True

代替：

CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True