使用 IB 添加一个标签的约束，以编程方式添加一个标签的约束

Question

我的目标是将两个标签放在一起。我将一个标签拖到情节提要 labelA 上，并将其固定在距顶部随机距离的位置，并将 labelA 在视图中水平居中，从而产生蓝色约束。

然后我将第二个标签 labelB 拖到情节提要上并将其移到 labelA 下方（例如，将两个标签分开 1 英寸）。现在，我正在尝试以编程方式设置 labelB 的约束以将其移动到 labelA 之上：

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet weak var labelA: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var labelB: UILabel!

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        labelB.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        //labelA.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

        labelB.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(
            labelA.topAnchor
        ).active = true

        labelB.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(
            view.centerXAnchor
        ).active = true
    }

}

但是，当我运行我的应用程序时，iOS 打破了一些限制，我看到两个标签与顶部等距，但水平彼此相邻。此外，labelB 将 labelA 拉到它的 y 位置。我想看到的是 labelA 停留在我最初限制它的地方，labelB 在 labelA 之上。

是否可以使用 IB 设置一个子视图的约束并使用代码设置另一个子视图的约束？

输出：

2016-06-19 16:42:42.804 Test4[40792:232886] Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.
    Probably at least one of the constraints in the following list is one you don't want. 
    Try this: 
        (1) look at each constraint and try to figure out which you don't expect; 
        (2) find the code that added the unwanted constraint or constraints and fix it. 
(
    "<_UILayoutSupportConstraint:0x7fe8d2c13b20 V:[_UILayoutGuide:0x7fe8d2c1caa0(0)]>",
    "<_UILayoutSupportConstraint:0x7fe8d2c245a0 V:|-(0)-[_UILayoutGuide:0x7fe8d2c1caa0]   (Names: '|':UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790 )>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c253e0 V:[_UILayoutGuide:0x7fe8d2c1caa0]-(111)-[UILabel:0x7fe8d2f169a0'LabelA']>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c26e70 UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB'.top == UILabel:0x7fe8d2f169a0'LabelA'.top>",
    "<NSIBPrototypingLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c25a20 'IB auto generated at build time for view with fixed frame' V:|-(256)-[UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB']   (Names: '|':UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790 )>"
)

Will attempt to recover by breaking constraint 
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c253e0 V:[_UILayoutGuide:0x7fe8d2c1caa0]-(111)-[UILabel:0x7fe8d2f169a0'LabelA']>

Make a symbolic breakpoint at UIViewAlertForUnsatisfiableConstraints to catch this in the debugger.
The methods in the UIConstraintBasedLayoutDebugging category on UIView listed in <UIKit/UIView.h> may also be helpful.
2016-06-19 16:42:42.807 Test4[40792:232886] Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.
    Probably at least one of the constraints in the following list is one you don't want. 
    Try this: 
        (1) look at each constraint and try to figure out which you don't expect; 
        (2) find the code that added the unwanted constraint or constraints and fix it. 
(
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2e24ba0 UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB'.centerX == UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790.centerX>",
    "<NSIBPrototypingLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c254d0 'IB auto generated at build time for view with fixed frame' H:|-(288)-[UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB'](LTR)   (Names: '|':UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790 )>",
    "<NSIBPrototypingLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2c25a70 'IB auto generated at build time for view with fixed frame' H:[UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB'(52.5)]>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2d8b020 'UIView-Encapsulated-Layout-Width' H:[UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790(375)]>"
)

Will attempt to recover by breaking constraint 
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7fe8d2e24ba0 UILabel:0x7fe8d2c22a50'LabelB'.centerX == UIView:0x7fe8d2c15790.centerX>

Make a symbolic breakpoint at UIViewAlertForUnsatisfiableConstraints to catch this in the debugger.
The methods in the UIConstraintBasedLayoutDebugging category on UIView listed in <UIKit/UIView.h> may also be helpful.

Answer 1

好吧，我读了一个关于removing all constraints from a view 的问题，添加以下代码成功完成了我想要的操作：

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    labelB.removeFromSuperview()  //<*****HERE
    view.addSubview(labelB)       //<*****HERE

    labelB.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    //labelA.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

    labelB.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(
        labelA.topAnchor
    ).active = true

    labelB.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(
        view.centerXAnchor
    ).active = true
}

我也试过上面的代码并注释掉了这一行：

labelB.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

它的工作方式相同。

谁能解释我要消除哪些限制？谢谢。