JAVA Selenium Webdriver 在下载前询问每个文件的保存位置

Question

我正在尝试使用 Selenium 自动下载文件。

每当收到要下载的文件时，我想将该特定文件保存到自定义位置并使用自定义名称保存。

我希望浏览器要求保存每个文件，以便我可以动态提供自定义路径和文件名。

我可以将文件保存到自定义目录，但我无法控制文件名。我想使用java.awt.Robot、java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection 和java.awt.Toolkit 来使用自定义文件名。

我的代码

ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
HashMap<String, Object> chromePreferences = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePreferences.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePreferences.put("download.default_directory", browserDownloadDirectoryPath);
chromePreferences.put("safebrowsing.enabled", "true");
chromeOptions.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePreferences);
chromeOptions.addArguments("--test-type");
chromeDesiredCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
chromeDesiredCapabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, chromeOptions);

这是将文件保存到自定义文件夹。

如果浏览器要求保存文件，我想使用机器人类发送路径。

StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(
                "<file path>" + "<file name>");
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard()
                .setContents(stringSelection, null);

Robot robot = new Robot();

robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

请提供强制浏览器要求保存文件的解决方案。

对于 Firefox，我们有 about:config 来查看浏览器的所有首选项。我们是否也为其他浏览器提供了类似的功能？

Answer 1

为 chrome 浏览器设置所需的功能。

  String downloadFilepath = "your path to save file";
  HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
  chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
  ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
  options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
  DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
  cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
  cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
  WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(cap);

Answer 2

更好的方法是设置 chrome 自动下载文件，然后等待新文件出现，最后重命名。

这是一个通过单击链接下载 PDF 然后将其重命名为“mydocument.pdf”的示例：

// define the download folder
Path download_folder = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home") + "/Downloads");

// define the preferences
HashMap<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", download_folder.toAbsolutePath());
prefs.put("download.prompt_for_download", false);
prefs.put("download.directory_upgrade", true);
prefs.put("plugins.plugins_disabled", new String[]{"Chrome PDF Viewer"});

// define the options
HashMap<String, Object> options = new HashMap<String, Object>();
options.put("prefs", prefs);

// define the capabilities
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
capabilities.setCapability("chromeOptions", options);

// start the driver
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);

// click on a PDF link
driver.get("http://www.adobe.com/legal/terms.html");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Adobe Creative SDK")).click();

// wait for the PDF to be downloaded
File file = WaitForNewFile(download_folder, ".pdf", 60);

// rename the downloaded file
file.renameTo(download_folder.resolve("mydocument.pdf").toFile());

// quit
driver.quit();

对于文件服务员：

/**
 * Waits for a new file to be downloaded with a file watcher
 */
public static File WaitForNewFile(Path folder, String extension, int timeout_sec) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
    long end_time = System.currentTimeMillis() + timeout_sec * 1000;
    try (WatchService watcher = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService()) {
        folder.register(watcher, StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_MODIFY);
        for (WatchKey key; null != (key = watcher.poll(end_time - System.currentTimeMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)); key.reset()) {
            for (WatchEvent<?> event : key.pollEvents()) {
                File file = folder.resolve(((WatchEvent<Path>)event).context()).toFile();
                if (file.toString().toLowerCase().endsWith(extension.toLowerCase()))
                    return file;
            }
        }
    }
    return null;
}