Python Tkinter - 将垂直和水平滚动条放在画布的边缘

Question

我想使用 Python tkinter 将水平和垂直滚动条放在黄色画布的边缘，但无论我做什么，它都不会移动，只是停留在画布的周边内。为什么？下图是：

下面是代码：

 def render_gui(self):

    self.main_window = tk.Tk()
    self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
    self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
    self.main_window.resizable(True, True) 
    self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
    self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
    self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")


    self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.main_window, bg = "yellow")
    self.main_canvas.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")

    vsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_canvas, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
    hsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_canvas, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
    vsb.grid(row=1, column=50,columnspan = 20, sticky='ns')
    hsb.grid(row=20, column=1,rowspan = 20,sticky = 'wes')

    self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
    self.main_window.mainloop()

请帮忙。

Answer 1

问题是您将滚动条放在画布内，而您没有在画布中放置任何其他内容。

当您使用grid 将某些内容放入另一个小部件时，空的行和列的大小为零。因此，即使您将垂直滚动条放在第 50 列中，第 0 列和第 2-49 列的宽度也为零，因此第 50 列出现在左侧。 （第 1 列是水平滚动条的宽度。）

水平滚动条也是如此 - 您将其放在第 20 行，但第 0 行和第 2-19 行的高度为零，因此第 20 行出现在顶部附近。

通常，将滚动条放在画布内并不是一个好主意，因为您在画布上绘制的任何内容都可能被滚动条隐藏或部分隐藏。如果您希望它们显示在画布中，最简单的解决方案是将画布和滚动条放在一个框架内。然后，您可以关闭画布上的边框并打开框架的边框。

例子：

import tkinter as tk

class Example():

 def render_gui(self):

    self.main_window = tk.Tk()
    self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
    self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
    self.main_window.resizable(True, True) 
    self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
    self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
    self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")

    canvas_container = tk.Frame(self.main_window, bd=1, relief='sunken')
    canvas_container.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")

    self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(canvas_container, bg = "yellow")
    vsb = tk.Scrollbar(canvas_container, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
    hsb = tk.Scrollbar(canvas_container, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
    self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)

    vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
    hsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew")
    self.main_canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
    canvas_container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
    canvas_container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

    self.main_window.mainloop()

e = Example()
e.render_gui()

Answer 2

代码将画布作为滚动条的父级。

将滚动条设置为与画布具有相同的父级，并更改周围的一些位置，呈现一些可行的东西：

import tkinter as tk

class test:
    def __init__(self):
        self.render_gui()

    def render_gui(self):
        self.main_window = tk.Tk()
        self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
        self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
        self.main_window.resizable(True, True) 
        self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
        self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
        self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")

        self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.main_window, bg = "yellow")
        vsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_window, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
        hsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_window, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
        hsb.pack(side = "bottom", fill = "x")
        vsb.pack(side = "right", fill = "y")
        self.main_canvas.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")

        self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
        self.main_window.mainloop()

t = test()

Answer 3

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import scrolledtext


janela = Tk()


scroll_x = Scrollbar(janela, orient="horizontal")
text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(janela, wrap=NONE)

text.config(xscrollcommand=scroll_x.set)
scroll_x.configure(command=text.xview)

text.pack(fill=X)
scroll_x.pack(fill=X)

janela.mainloop()