以 UTF-8 写入 txt 文件 - Python

Question

我的 django 应用程序从用户那里获取文档，创建了一些关于它的报告，然后写入 txt 文件。有趣的问题是一切都在我的 Mac OS 上运行良好。但在 Windows 上，它无法读取某些字母，将其转换为 é™、ä± 等符号。这是我的代码：

views.py:

def result(request):
    last_uploaded = OriginalDocument.objects.latest('id')
    original = open(str(last_uploaded.document), 'r')
    original_words = original.read().lower().split()
    words_count = len(original_words)
    open_original = open(str(last_uploaded.document), "r")
    read_original = open_original.read()
    characters_count = len(read_original)
    report_fives = open("static/report_documents/" + str(last_uploaded.student_name) + 
    "-" + str(last_uploaded.document_title) + "-5.txt", 'w', encoding="utf-8")
    # Path to the documents with which original doc is comparing
    path = 'static/other_documents/doc*.txt'
    files = glob.glob(path)
    #endregion

    rows, found_count, fives_count, rounded_percentage_five, percentage_for_chart_five, fives_for_report, founded_docs_for_report = search_by_five(last_uploaded, 5, original_words, report_fives, files)


    context = {
        ...
    }

    return render(request, 'result.html', context)

report txt file:

['universitetindé™', 'té™hsili', 'alä±ram.', 'mé™n'] was found in static/other_documents\doc1.txt.
...

Answer 1

这里的问题是您在没有指定编码的情况下对文件调用open()。如the Python documentation 中所述，默认编码取决于平台。这可能就是您在 Windows 和 MacOS 中看到不同结果的原因。

假设文件本身实际上是用 UTF-8 编码的，只需在读取文件时指定：

original = open(str(last_uploaded.document), 'r', encoding="utf-8")