【发布时间】:2018-09-10 16:28:08
【问题描述】:
当涉及到 gcc/clang 与 msvc2015 中空类的多重继承时,我看到了不同的行为。我想知道是否有人会知道标准中的哪些内容允许这种差异。
#include <cstdint>
using namespace std;
class Empty1 {};
static_assert(sizeof(Empty1) == 1, "Expected size of 1 for Empty1");
class Empty2 {};
static_assert(sizeof(Empty2) == 1, "Expected size of 1 for Empty2");
class Empty3 : Empty2, Empty1 {};
static_assert(sizeof(Empty3) == 1, "Expected size of 1 for Empty3");
class Int1 { uint32_t i; };
static_assert(sizeof(Int1) == 4, "Expected size of 4 for Int1");
class Int2 : Empty1 { uint32_t i; };
static_assert(sizeof(Int2) == 4, "Expected size of 4 for Int2");
class Int3 : Empty2 { uint32_t i; };
static_assert(sizeof(Int3) == 4, "Expected size of 4 for Int3");
class Int4 : Empty3 { uint32_t i; };
static_assert(sizeof(Int4) == 8, "Expected size of 8 for Int4");
static_assert(sizeof(Int4) == 4, "Expected size of 4 for Int4");
此代码,在 msvc2015 上生成:
error C2338: Expected size of 4 for Int4
而 gcc 和 clang 会生成这个:
error: static_assert failed "Expected size of 8 for Int4"
也就是说,msvc2015从空类继承时不会添加任何字节,但从多个类继承时会添加。 C++ 中有未定义的行为吗?
【问题讨论】:
-
空基优化就是:一种优化。编译器不必这样做
-
所以当没有空基优化时的预期行为是空基有 1 个字节,然后 3 个填充用于对齐,然后 4 个用于
uint32_t= 总共 8 个字节?
标签: c++ struct multiple-inheritance