在漂亮的打印表视图java中排列值

Question

在以“漂亮的表格视图”方式打印出来后，是否有一种万无一失或简单的方法来排列值？

我的测试数据集代码是：

Map<Integer, List<Boolean>> map = new HashMap<>();
        Random r = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());

        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, true, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(5000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(5000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, true, true));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(5000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(5000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(5000), Arrays.asList(false, true, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, true, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(false, false, false));
        map.put(10000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, true, false));
        map.put(100 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));
        map.put(1000 + r.nextInt(50000), Arrays.asList(true, false, true));

        int counter = 0;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<Boolean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            sb.append(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue() + " \t");
            if (counter == 5) {
                System.out.println(sb.toString());
                counter = 0;
                sb.setLength(0);
            }
            counter++;
        }

我使用的是测试数据集，因为真实的数据集太多，更容易小批量工作，但输出看起来完全一样：

30336 = [true, false, true]     2820 = [true, false, false]     17029 = [false, false, false]   10183 = [true, true, false]     14600 = [true, true, false]     9741 = [true, false, true]  
32717 = [true, true, false]     3664 = [true, true, false]  22610 = [true, false, true]     49618 = [true, true, false]     43476 = [true, false, true]     
4439 = [true, false, true]  1816 = [false, false, false]    57562 = [true, false, true]     23450 = [false, true, true]     21018 = [true, false, false]    
35291 = [false, false, false]   40923 = [true, false, false]    5342 = [true, true, false]  32353 = [false, false, false]   48098 = [true, true, false]     
41442 = [false, false, false]   39269 = [true, true, false]     11623 = [false, true, true]     45031 = [true, false, false]    23720 = [true, false, false]    
23209 = [false, false, false]   37419 = [false, true, true]     26798 = [true, false, true]     1454 = [false, true, true]  2544 = [true, false, false]     
12080 = [true, false, false]    26418 = [false, false, false]   24052 = [true, false, true]     50293 = [false, false, false]   25720 = [true, false, true] 

关键的整数范围很大，这让我觉得它没有正确排列，而且“假”这个词比“真”这个词长，所以如果某些条目的值是假的多于真，那么它也会弄乱衬里。但是有没有一种万无一失或简单的方法来解决这个问题？我试过用sb.append(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue() + " \t"); 和StringUtils.leftPad/rightPad 做sb.append(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue() + " \t");，但结果相似，几乎在一条直线上，但呈锯齿状。

Answer 1

试试

sb.append(entry.getKey() + "\t=\t" + entry.getValue() + " \t"); 

Answer 2

注意，StringBuilder 与字符串连接之类的混用是不一致的

sb.append(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue() + " \t");

相反，StringBuilder 应按预期使用，例如

sb.append(entry.getKey()).append(" = ").append(entry.getValue()).append(" \t");

从那里，。将调用链分解为单独的语句并根据需要插入填充只是一小步：

final String columnSeparator = "|";
final int keyWidth = 6, valueWidth = "false, ".length() * 3;

int counter = 0;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<Boolean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    int colStart = sb.length(), colEnd = colStart + keyWidth;
    sb.append((int)entry.getKey());
    while(sb.length() < colEnd) sb.insert(colStart, ' '); // right aligned
    sb.append(" = ");
    colEnd = sb.length() + valueWidth;
    sb.append(entry.getValue());
    while(sb.length() < colEnd) sb.append(' '); // left aligned
    if(counter == 5) {
        sb.append(System.lineSeparator());
        counter = 0;
    }
    else {
        sb.append(columnSeparator);
        counter++;
    }
}
if(counter != 0) {
    sb.setLength(sb.length() - columnSeparator.length());
    sb.append(System.lineSeparator());
}
System.out.append(sb);

产生类似的输出

 14339 = [false, false, false]|  4869 = [true, false, false] | 17669 = [true, false, false] |  3526 = [false, false, false]|  1864 = [false, true, true]  |  9224 = [false, true, true]  
 30152 = [true, true, false]  | 19273 = [false, false, false]| 49547 = [true, true, false]  |  5391 = [true, false, false] |  4943 = [false, false, false]| 39311 = [true, false, true]  
  7889 = [true, false, true]  | 31893 = [false, false, false]| 49174 = [true, true, false]  |  3094 = [true, false, true]  | 16854 = [true, false, true]  | 27094 = [true, false, false] 
 46234 = [true, true, false]  | 22751 = [true, false, false] | 58339 = [false, false, false]| 49700 = [true, false, true]  | 44901 = [true, false, false] | 49254 = [true, false, true]  
 24230 = [true, true, false]  | 45799 = [true, true, false]  | 39591 = [true, false, true]  | 17450 = [false, false, false]| 30893 = [true, false, true]  | 14189 = [true, false, true]  
 33583 = [false, true, true]  | 29365 = [false, false, false]|  5563 = [false, true, true]  | 17341 = [true, true, false]  |  5245 = [true, true, false]  | 18302 = [true, false, false] 
  4223 = [true, false, false] 

您可以根据需要将columnSeparator 更改为" | " 以获得更多间距，或者更改为" " 之类的内容以仅使用空格或空字符串。您还可以将keyWidth 和valueWidth 适应现实生活场景。

---

上述解决方案在循环中使用sb.insert，这只有在我们知道要移动的字符数很少（它是一个整数）并且迭代次数会很小（这里，我们有四位或五位数字，因此最多迭代两次）。

当实际密钥长度之间的差异可能更大时，您可以通过在for循环之前插入String pad = " ".repeat(keyWidth);并替换来消除循环

while(sb.length() < colEnd) sb.insert(colStart, ' ');

与

if(sb.length() < colEnd) sb.insert(colStart, pad, 0, colEnd - sb.length());

当您还将键类型更改为可能产生相当大字符串的东西时，您可以通过替换完全避免insert

sb.append((int)entry.getKey());
while(sb.length() < colEnd) sb.insert(colStart, ' '); // right aligned

与

String key = String.valueOf(entry.getKey());
if(key.length() < keyWidth) sb.append(pad, 0, keyWidth - key.length());
sb.append(key);

但这仅适用于必须通过其toString() 方法附加的对象，而不适用于通过append(int) 附加的Integer 键而无需复制中间字符串。

---

如果你有固定的列宽并且想要一个简单的解决方案，你可以使用

int counter = 0;
for(Map.Entry<Integer, List<Boolean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    System.out.printf(++counter%5 != 0? "%6d = %-21s|": "%6d = %21s%n",
        entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
if(counter % 5 != 0) System.out.println();