【发布时间】:2014-12-11 03:01:02
【问题描述】:
我找到了一个简单的数学解析器类,但它不支持逻辑运算,也不支持如下表达式:
(a > b) ? (x^2) : (a / 3.56)
这是解析器:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Calcultra
{
class Parser
{
// The available operators for use in mathematical expressions.
private string[] _operators = { "-", "+", "/", "*", "^" };
// The mathematical operations performed by the operators.
private Func<double, double, double>[] _operations = {
(a1, a2) => a1 - a2,
(a1, a2) => a1 + a2,
(a1, a2) => a1 / a2,
(a1, a2) => a1 * a2,
(a1, a2) => Math.Pow(a1, a2)
};
/**
* Parses and evaluates a mathematical expression and returns the result.
*/
public double Eval(string expression)
{
List<string> tokens = getTokens(expression);
Stack<double> operandStack = new Stack<double>();
Stack<string> operatorStack = new Stack<string>();
int tokenIndex = 0;
while (tokenIndex < tokens.Count)
{
string token = tokens[tokenIndex];
if (token == "(")
{
string subExpr = getSubExpression(tokens, ref tokenIndex);
operandStack.Push(Eval(subExpr));
continue;
}
if (token == ")")
{
throw new ArgumentException("Mis-matched parentheses in expression");
}
// If this is an operator.
if (Array.IndexOf(_operators, token) >= 0)
{
while (operatorStack.Count > 0 && Array.IndexOf(_operators, token) < Array.IndexOf(_operators, operatorStack.Peek()))
{
string op = operatorStack.Pop();
double arg2 = operandStack.Pop();
double arg1 = operandStack.Pop();
operandStack.Push(_operations[Array.IndexOf(_operators, op)](arg1, arg2));
}
operatorStack.Push(token);
}
else
{
operandStack.Push(double.Parse(token));
}
tokenIndex += 1;
}
while (operatorStack.Count > 0)
{
string op = operatorStack.Pop();
double arg2 = operandStack.Pop();
double arg1 = operandStack.Pop();
operandStack.Push(_operations[Array.IndexOf(_operators, op)](arg1, arg2));
}
return operandStack.Pop();
}
/**
* Why even write a description for this function.
*/
private string getSubExpression(List<string> tokens, ref int index)
{
StringBuilder subExpr = new StringBuilder();
int parenlevels = 1;
index += 1;
while (index < tokens.Count && parenlevels > 0)
{
string token = tokens[index];
if (tokens[index] == "(")
{
parenlevels += 1;
}
if (tokens[index] == ")")
{
parenlevels -= 1;
}
if (parenlevels > 0)
{
subExpr.Append(token);
}
index += 1;
}
if ((parenlevels > 0))
{
throw new ArgumentException("Mis-matched parentheses in expression");
}
return subExpr.ToString();
}
/**
* Tokenizes the given mathematical expression.
*/
private List<string> getTokens(string expression)
{
string operators = "()^*/+-";
List<string> tokens = new List<string>();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach (char c in expression.Replace(" ", string.Empty))
{
if (operators.IndexOf(c) >= 0)
{
if ((sb.Length > 0))
{
tokens.Add(sb.ToString());
sb.Length = 0;
}
tokens.Add(c.ToString());
}
else
{
sb.Append(c);
}
}
if ((sb.Length > 0))
{
tokens.Add(sb.ToString());
}
return tokens;
}
}
}
在问这个问题的过程中,我尝试了更多的代码来理解代码,我真正掌握的主要部分是:
// If this is an operator.
if (Array.IndexOf(_operators, token) >= 0)
{
while (operatorStack.Count > 0 && Array.IndexOf(_operators, token) < Array.IndexOf(_operators, operatorStack.Peek()))
{
string op = operatorStack.Pop();
double arg2 = operandStack.Pop();
double arg1 = operandStack.Pop();
operandStack.Push(_operations[Array.IndexOf(_operators, op)](arg1, arg2));
}
operatorStack.Push(token);
}
else
{
operandStack.Push(double.Parse(token));
}
我看到它正在检查运算符,并将参数之间的运算推入操作数堆栈。我认为这是我检查条件语句的地方,我需要检查 ? 和 : 符号,获取所有三个子表达式,评估条件表达式,然后选择最后两个子表达式之一进行推送操作数栈。至少我是这么理解的。不过,我不太确定如何处理这些比较。
我知道有一个类似的问题:Adding Conditionals & Functions to a Math Parser
但我使用的是 C#.NET,但我不知道如何将那里所做的事情适应我的代码。我不是要求您为我编写代码(不是说我会抱怨很多 xP),但我确实需要一个起点。我需要采取哪些步骤才能完成这项工作。
【问题讨论】:
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标签: c# parsing math conditional-statements conditional-operator