内置函数将每个单词的首字母大写答案

【问题标题】：Built-in function to capitalise the first letter of each word内置函数将每个单词的首字母大写
【发布时间】：2011-07-07 01:23:53
【问题描述】：

如果 SQL Server 中已经存在这样的函数，我不想为此创建自定义函数。

输入字符串：This is my string to convert
预期输出：This Is My String To Convert

【问题讨论】：

从技术上讲，这将是 PascalCase。
@thomas，从技术上讲，两者都不是，它只是一串大写的单词
@nathan gonzalez - 我的立场是正确的。

标签： sql sql-server-2008 pascalcasing

【解决方案1】：

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[InitCap] ( @InputString varchar(4000) ) 
RETURNS VARCHAR(4000)
AS
BEGIN

DECLARE @Index          INT
DECLARE @Char           CHAR(1)
DECLARE @PrevChar       CHAR(1)
DECLARE @OutputString   VARCHAR(4000)

SET @OutputString = LOWER(@InputString)
SET @Index = 1

WHILE @Index <= LEN(@InputString)
BEGIN
    SET @Char     = SUBSTRING(@InputString, @Index, 1)
    SET @PrevChar = CASE WHEN @Index = 1 THEN ' '
                         ELSE SUBSTRING(@InputString, @Index - 1, 1)
                    END

    IF @PrevChar IN (' ', ';', ':', '!', '?', ',', '.', '_', '-', '/', '&', '''', '(')
        SET @OutputString = STUFF(@OutputString, @Index, 1, UPPER(@Char))

    SET @Index = @Index + 1
END

RETURN @OutputString

END



Declare @str nvarchar(100)
SET @str = 'my string to convert'
SELECT @str = [dbo].[InitCap](@str)
SELECT @str

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

AFAIK，SQL Server 对此没有内置函数。
您必须为它编写自定义函数。

试试这个。

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[CamelCase]
(@Str varchar(8000))
RETURNS varchar(8000) AS
BEGIN
  DECLARE @Result varchar(2000)
  SET @Str = LOWER(@Str) + ' '
  SET @Result = ''
  WHILE 1=1
  BEGIN
    IF PATINDEX('% %',@Str) = 0 BREAK
    SET @Result = @Result + UPPER(Left(@Str,1))+
    SubString  (@Str,2,CharIndex(' ',@Str)-1)
    SET @Str = SubString(@Str,
      CharIndex(' ',@Str)+1,Len(@Str))
  END
  SET @Result = Left(@Result,Len(@Result))
  RETURN @Result
END

输出：

Input String    : 'microSoft sql server'
Output String   : 'Microsoft Sql Server'

【讨论】：

很好，但只处理空格作为分隔符。例如，不会处理破折号/连字符，但仍会回答问题。也不会处理 NULL，而是返回一个空字符串。
也不处理单字母字符串（即First Middle Last names 作为单独的字符串）：dbo.CamelCase(p.FirstName), dbo.CamelCase(p.LastName), dbo.CamelCase(p .MiddleName)

【解决方案3】：

我不得不选择“不，那不存在”。这是基于多年来对 T-SQL 中可用字符串函数的细读以及 SQL Server 2008 R2 中一些最近的 5 天课程。

当然，我仍然可能是错的:)。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

如果您的操作目标是美化名称字符串，则可以将正确的大写定义为由非字母字符分隔的每个单词的首字母。

其他方案不考虑：

保留间距（尤其是尾随空格）。
保留 NULL、空字符串或仅包含空格的字符串。
处理的不仅仅是空格（例如破折号、逗号、下划线等...）
在单词/标记之间处理多个非字母字符。
处理异常（例如，“詹姆斯威廉”中的 McDonald 或 III 底牙 III")。

注意：我的解决方案不处理异常。
如果您非常关心这些，那么我建议为这些编写一个 CLR C# 程序集，因为它会很棘手，而字符串是 C# 擅长的领域。
这里的另一个解决方案试图解决这个问题，但它仍然需要“ivan wrong the iv”并输出“**IV***an Terrible The IV*”。

这是我想出的功能：

IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[fs_PascalCase]') AND type in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT'))
DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[fs_PascalCase]
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fs_PascalCase]
(
    @Text nVarChar(MAX)
)
RETURNS nVarChar(MAX)
AS
BEGIN
        SET @Text = LOWER(@Text)--This step is optional.  Keep if you want the code below to control all casing. - 11/26/2013 - MCR.
    DECLARE @New nVarChar(MAX) = (CASE WHEN @Text IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE '' END)--Still return null when source is null. - 11/26/2013 - MCR.
    DECLARE @Len   Int = LEN(REPLACE(@Text, ' ', '_'))--If you want to count/keep trailing-spaces, you MUST use this!!! - 11/26/2013 - MCR.
    DECLARE @Index Int = 1--Sql-Server is 1-based, not 0-based.
    WHILE (@Index <= @Len)
        IF (SUBSTRING(@Text, @Index, 1) LIKE '[^a-z]' AND @Index + 1 <= @Len)--If not alpha and there are more character(s).
            SELECT @New = @New + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@Text, @Index, 2)), @Index = @Index + 2
        ELSE
            SELECT @New = @New +       SUBSTRING(@Text, @Index, 1) , @Index = @Index + 1

    --If @Text is null, then @Len will be Null, and everything will be null.
    --If @Text is '',   then (@Len - 1) will be -1, so ABS() it to use 1 instead, which will still return ''.
    RETURN ( UPPER(LEFT(@New, 1)) + RIGHT(@New, ABS(@Len - 1)) )
END
GO

你可以这样称呼它：

SELECT dbo.fs_PascalCase(NULL)[Null],
       dbo.fs_PascalCase('')[EmptyString],
       dbo.fs_PascalCase('hello   how are-you TODAY    ')[LongString]

输出将如下所示：

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

我的策略

如果名称已经混合大小写，请相信它是正确的。
如果名称不是大小写混合，则执行以下操作：
修剪名称以消除空格
记下以“Mc”开头的名称，例如“McDavid”
考虑像 O'Reilly 这样带有撇号的名字
“Anderson-Johnson”连字符名称（已婚名称）的帐户
考虑多个单词名称，例如“La Russa”
确保名称字段中包含的后缀正确大写

守则

这是我的原始帖子：Converting String to Camel Case in SQL Server

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[GetCamelCaseName]
(
    @Name varchar(50)
)
RETURNS VARCHAR(50) WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
BEGIN
    -- Declare the return variable here
    DECLARE @NameCamelCase VARCHAR(50)  

    -- This is determining whether or not the name is in camel case already (if the 1st character is uppercase
    -- and the third is lower (because the 2nd could be an apostrophe).  To do this, you have to cast the 
    -- character as varbinary and compare it with the upper case of the character cast as varbinary.  

    IF (CAST(SUBSTRING(@Name, 1,1) as varbinary) = CAST(SUBSTRING(UPPER(@Name), 1, 1) as varbinary)         
            AND ((CAST(SUBSTRING(@Name, 2,1) as varbinary) = CAST(SUBSTRING(LOWER(@Name), 2, 1) as varbinary)
                    AND SUBSTRING(@Name, 2,1) != '''')
                or
                (CAST(SUBSTRING(@Name, 4,1) as varbinary) = CAST(SUBSTRING(LOWER(@Name), 4, 1) as varbinary)
                    AND SUBSTRING(@Name, 2,1) = '''')))

        BEGIN
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = RTRIM(LTRIM(@Name))
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' sr', ' Sr')           
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' jr', ' Jr')       
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' ii', ' II')   
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' iii', ' III')
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' DE ', ' de ')
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, 'macdonald', 'MacDonald')

            if (@NameCamelCase LIKE '% iv') -- avoid changing "Ivan" to "IVan"
                SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' iv', ' IV')

            if ((@NameCamelCase = 'i') or (@NameCamelCase = 'ii') or (@NameCamelCase = 'iii') or (@NameCamelCase = 'iv'))
                SELECT @NameCamelCase = UPPER(@NameCamelCase)

            RETURN @NameCamelCase       

        END

    ELSE

        BEGIN       

            SELECT @NameCamelCase = RTRIM(LTRIM(@Name))

            -- "Mc-"
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @Name LIKE 'mc%'
                        THEN UPPER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 1, 1)) + LOWER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 2, 1)) + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 3, 1))  + LOWER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 4, 47))
                    ELSE
                       UPPER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 1, 1)) + LOWER(SUBSTRING(@Name, 2, 49))
                END

            -- Apostrophes
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '%''%'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX('''', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + ''''  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('''', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('''', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 


            -- Hyphenated names (do it twice to account for double hyphens)
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '%-%'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + '^'  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 

            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '%-%'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + '^'  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('-', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 

            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, '^', '-')

            -- Multiple word names (do it twice to account for three word names)
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '% %'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + '?'  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 

            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '% %'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + '?'  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX(' ', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 

            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, '?', ' ')

            -- Names in Parentheses         
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = 
                CASE 
                    WHEN @NameCamelCase LIKE '%(%'
                        THEN SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, 1, CHARINDEX('(', @NameCamelCase) - 1) + '('  + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('(', @NameCamelCase) + 1, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@NameCamelCase, CHARINDEX('(', @NameCamelCase) + 2, 50)
                    ELSE
                        @NameCamelCase
                END 


            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' sr', ' Sr')           
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' jr', ' Jr')           
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' ii', ' II')
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' iii', ' III')
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' DE ', ' de ')
            SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, 'macdonald', 'MacDonald')

            if (@NameCamelCase LIKE '% iv')
                SELECT @NameCamelCase = REPLACE(@NameCamelCase, ' iv', ' IV')

            if ((@NameCamelCase = 'i') or (@NameCamelCase = 'ii') or (@NameCamelCase = 'iii') or (@NameCamelCase = 'iv'))
                SELECT @NameCamelCase = UPPER(@NameCamelCase)

            -- Return the result of the function
            RETURN ISNULL(@NameCamelCase, '')

        END

    RETURN ISNULL(@NameCamelCase, '')

END

【讨论】：

我喜欢你用这个去哪里。但是，此代码在 SQL Server 2008 R2 下没有为我执行。错误是“必须声明标量变量“@NameCamelCase”。”。
谢谢。我试图让它更简单一些，但错过了一些东西。正在更新中...
对此投了赞成票：“如果名称已经混合大小写，请相信它是正确的。”

【解决方案6】：

使用 SQL 2017，函数可能如下所示：

create function dbo.cap_words (@str varchar(max))
returns varchar(max)
as
begin
    declare @result varchar(max);
    select @result = string_agg( upper(left(value,1)) + substring(value,2,999),' ') from string_split(lower(@str),' ') 
    return @result;
end

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

和我一样，很多人可能正在寻找查询内解决方案，查询创建功能，我想出了一个不同的方法：

SELECT REPLACE(
    STUFF( 
        (SELECT' '+ LTRIM(RTRIM(UPPER(SUBSTRING(value, 1,1))+LOWER(SUBSTRING(value, 2, LEN(value)))))
         FROM STRING_SPLIT([Message], ' ')
         FOR XML PATH('')
         ), 1, 1, ''
   ), ''/*Control delimiters here*/, '') FROM [dbo].[MessageQueue]

为您自己的表更改 [MessageQueue] 表，为您的字段更改 [Message]。

函数 STRING_SPLIT 可能需要将您的 SQL 兼容性级别提高到 130。

使用外部 REPLACE 函数来设置任何你想要的分隔符。

【讨论】：

【解决方案8】：

这里是简单的事情，不要把它复杂化。

甲骨文： SELECT initcap(lower('This is MY string to conVerT')) FROM dual;

【讨论】：

问题是关于 sqlserver 而不是 oracle。
你可以删除你的答案以避免得到负分