【发布时间】：2013-10-24 11:21:40
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试通过 DBI 连接到 Oracle，但无法正常工作。
我的设置：
# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.18-194.el5 (mockbuild@ca-build10.us.oracle.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Mon Mar 29 20:06:41 EDT 2010
# uname -i
i386
# perl -v
This is perl, v5.8.8 built for i386-linux-thread-multi
<...>
# echo $ORACLE_HOME
/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client
我正在尝试使用此脚本进行连接：
#!/usr/bin/perl
# dbi.pl
use warnings;
use strict;
use DBI;
$ENV{ORACLE_HOME}="/usr/lib/oracle/12.1";
$ENV{LD_LIBRARY_PATH}="/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/lib";
$ENV{NLS_LANG}="american_america.CL8MSWIN1251";
my $user='user';
my $pw='pw';
my $host='servername';
my $port='1521';
my $SID = 'SID';
my $source = "dbi:Oracle:$host;sid=$SID;port=$port";
my $dbh=DBI->connect($source,$user,$pw,{PrintError=>0,AutoCommit=>0,RaiseError=>1}) or die "Oracle:$DBI::errstr\n";
当我尝试执行它时，我收到了一个错误：
# ./dbi.pl
install_driver(Oracle) failed: Can't locate DBD/Oracle.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at (eval 3) line 3.
Perhaps the DBD::Oracle perl module hasn't been fully installed,
or perhaps the capitalisation of 'Oracle' isn't right.
Available drivers: DBM, ExampleP, File, Proxy, Sponge, mysql.
at ./dbi.pl line 21
我尝试重新安装 DBD-Oracle：
root@hostname:/tmp/DBD-Oracle-1.66# perl Makefile.PL
Using DBI 1.52 (for perl 5.008008 on i386-linux-thread-multi) installed in /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/DBI/
Configuring DBD::Oracle for perl 5.008008 on linux (i386-linux-thread-multi)
Remember to actually *READ* the README file! Especially if you have any problems.
Installing on a linux, Ver#2.6
Using Oracle in /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client
DEFINE _SQLPLUS_RELEASE = "1201000100" (CHAR)
Oracle version 12.1.0.1 (12.1)
Unable to locate an oracle.mk or other suitable *.mk
file in your Oracle installation. (I looked in
/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/rdbms/demo/demo_xe.mk /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/rdbms/demo/demo_rdbms32.mk /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/rdbms/demo/demo_rdbms.mk /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk /usr/share/oracle/12.1/client/demo.mk under /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client)
The oracle.mk (or demo_rdbms.mk) file is part of the Oracle
RDBMS product. You need to build DBD::Oracle on a
system which has one of these Oracle components installed.
(Other *.mk files such as the env_*.mk files will not work.)
Alternatively you can use Oracle Instant Client.
In the unlikely event that a suitable *.mk file is installed
somewhere non-standard you can specify where it is using the -m option:
perl Makefile.PL -m /path/to/your.mk
See the appropriate README file for your OS for more information and some alternatives.
at Makefile.PL line 1187.
root@hostname:/tmp/DBD-Oracle-1.66# ls /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/
total 8.0K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Sep 24 13:23 bin/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Sep 24 13:23 lib/
root@hostname:/tmp/DBD-Oracle-1.66#
所以，我没有这个“rdbms”目录，因为我安装了 Instantclient。有没有什么方法可以在不安装数据库的情况下让它工作？
【问题讨论】：
-
我不确定它是否能解决这个特定问题，但总的来说，我建议使用像 cpanm 这样的工具来安装 CPAN 模块，因为它会为您处理依赖项。安装后，像这样运行：
cpanm DBD::Oracle -
确保在构建
DBD::Oracle时设置所有相同的环境变量，就像在脚本中设置的那样。将它们设置在 shell 中是明智的。 -
@ThisSuitIsBlackNot：虽然 cpanm 擅长安装 CPAN 依赖项，但 DBD::Oracle 依赖于正确安装和配置 Perl 外部的库/驱动程序。不幸的是，我在 Linux 上这样做已经有几年了。
-
无论如何，我决定改用 php（尽管我从未使用过它）。 oci_connect 工作正常