【问题标题】:r8 does not create output dex filer8 不创建输出 dex 文件
【发布时间】:2025-12-19 18:15:07
【问题描述】:

我正在尝试使用r8,但没有成功:

$ wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/mikepenz/fastadapter/3.2.7/fastadapter-3.2.7.aar
$ wget https://maven.google.com/com/android/support/recyclerview-v7/26.0.1/recyclerview-v7-26.0.1.aar
$ unzip fastadapter-3.2.7.aar      && mv classes.jar fastadapter.jar
$ unzip recyclerview-v7-26.0.1.aar && mv classes.jar recycleview.jar
$ echo "-dontwarn java.lang.Object" > proguard.cfg
$ java -jar build/libs/r8.jar --lib android-4.1.1.4.jar --lib recycleview.jar --release --output . --pg-conf proguard.cfg fastadapter.jar
$ dexdump -d classes.dex | grep "insns size" | wc -l
Unable to open 'classes.dex' : No such file or directory
0

但是使用d8 可以完美运行(即使没有--lib android.jar--lib recycleview.jar):

$ java -jar ../build/libs/d8.jar --release --output . fastadapter.jar
$ dexdump -d classes.dex | grep "insns size" | wc -l
390

编辑

尝试创建 fastadapter proguard keep 规则失败:

$ cmdline-tools/build-tools/30.0.3/aapt2 link --proguard proguard_fastadapter.cfg -o proguard_fastadapter.cfg --manifest AndroidManifest.xml
AndroidManifest.xml:2: error: attribute android:versionCode not found.
AndroidManifest.xml:2: error: attribute android:versionName not found.
AndroidManifest.xml:7: error: attribute android:minSdkVersion not found.
AndroidManifest.xml:7: error: attribute android:targetSdkVersion not found.
error: failed processing manifest.

这有点奇怪,因为 targetSdkVersion 实际上确实存在:

$ grep "targetSdkVersion" AndroidManifest.xml
        android:targetSdkVersion="27" />

【问题讨论】:

    标签: jar dex android-r8 android-d8


    【解决方案1】:

    问题是您传递给 R8 的唯一规则是 -dontwarn java.lang.Object。没有单一的-keep 规则,这意味着输出将为空,因为没有保留入口点。

    缺少的是两组保持规则:

    1. 所有 Android 应用的一般保留规则
    2. 具有所有入口点的具体应用程序的特定规则(来自平台的反射访问,例如视图膨胀),可以使用 aapt2 生成。

    对于第一组规则,Android Studio(或更准确地说是 AGP)捆绑了这个规则文件,该文件作为getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt') 的结果传递给所有构建。

    # This is a configuration file for ProGuard.
    # http://proguard.sourceforge.net/index.html#manual/usage.html
    #
    # Starting with version 2.2 of the Android plugin for Gradle, this file is distributed together with
    # the plugin and unpacked at build-time. The files in $ANDROID_HOME are no longer maintained and
    # will be ignored by new version of the Android plugin for Gradle.
    
    # Optimizations: If you don't want to optimize, use the proguard-android.txt configuration file
    # instead of this one, which turns off the optimization flags.
    # Adding optimization introduces certain risks, since for example not all optimizations performed by
    # ProGuard works on all versions of Dalvik.  The following flags turn off various optimizations
    # known to have issues, but the list may not be complete or up to date. (The "arithmetic"
    # optimization can be used if you are only targeting Android 2.0 or later.)  Make sure you test
    # thoroughly if you go this route.
    -optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!code/simplification/cast,!field/*,!class/merging/*
    -optimizationpasses 5
    -allowaccessmodification
    
    -dontusemixedcaseclassnames
    -dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
    -verbose
    
    # Preserve some attributes that may be required for reflection.
    -keepattributes *Annotation*,Signature,InnerClasses,EnclosingMethod
    
    -keep public class com.google.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    -keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    -keep public class com.google.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    -dontnote com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    -dontnote com.google.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    -dontnote com.google.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
    
    # For native methods, see http://proguard.sourceforge.net/manual/examples.html#native
    -keepclasseswithmembernames,includedescriptorclasses class * {
        native <methods>;
    }
    
    # Keep setters in Views so that animations can still work.
    -keepclassmembers public class * extends android.view.View {
        void set*(***);
        *** get*();
    }
    
    # We want to keep methods in Activity that could be used in the XML attribute onClick.
    -keepclassmembers class * extends android.app.Activity {
        public void *(android.view.View);
    }
    
    # For enumeration classes, see http://proguard.sourceforge.net/manual/examples.html#enumerations
    -keepclassmembers enum * {
        public static **[] values();
        public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
    }
    
    -keepclassmembers class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
        public static final ** CREATOR;
    }
    
    # Preserve annotated Javascript interface methods.
    -keepclassmembers class * {
        @android.webkit.JavascriptInterface <methods>;
    }
    
    # The support libraries contains references to newer platform versions.
    # Don't warn about those in case this app is linking against an older
    # platform version. We know about them, and they are safe.
    -dontnote android.support.**
    -dontnote androidx.**
    -dontwarn android.support.**
    -dontwarn androidx.**
    
    # This class is deprecated, but remains for backward compatibility.
    -dontwarn android.util.FloatMath
    
    # Understand the @Keep support annotation.
    -keep class android.support.annotation.Keep
    -keep class androidx.annotation.Keep
    
    -keep @android.support.annotation.Keep class * {*;}
    -keep @androidx.annotation.Keep class * {*;}
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @android.support.annotation.Keep <methods>;
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @androidx.annotation.Keep <methods>;
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @android.support.annotation.Keep <fields>;
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @androidx.annotation.Keep <fields>;
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @android.support.annotation.Keep <init>(...);
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        @androidx.annotation.Keep <init>(...);
    }
    
    # These classes are duplicated between android.jar and org.apache.http.legacy.jar.
    -dontnote org.apache.http.**
    -dontnote android.net.http.**
    
    # These classes are duplicated between android.jar and core-lambda-stubs.jar.
    -dontnote java.lang.invoke.**
    

    对于第二部分,使用 aapt2 link--proguard 选项。这将生成额外的必需规则,例如:

    -keep class com.example.app.MainActivity { <init>(); }
    

    这两组规则都必须与其他特定于应用程序的规则一起传递给 R8(可能需要多个 --pg-conf 选项)。

    当使用 Android Studio(更准确地说是 AGP)时,这是自动处理的。作为参考,可以在app/build/intermediates/proguard-files 中查看这些规则。详情请见Shrink, obfuscate, and optimize your app

    【讨论】:

    • 您能看一下已编辑的问题,其中 proguard cfg 文件创建失败为 fastadapter 吗?
    • 我不太熟悉从命令行运行aapt2。但是,您上面的命令行似乎缺少一些输入(即使错误消息看起来有些奇怪)。如果您已经在使用命令行工具构建 Android 应用程序,那么应该已经包含一个 aapt2 链接步骤来构建 APK 和辅助文件,例如 R.java。该命令应该添加了--proguard 选项。