如何在 Ansible VMware 中仅使用其中一部分搜索虚拟机名称？答案

【问题标题】：How to search virtual machine names using only a part of them in Ansible VMware?如何在 Ansible VMware 中仅使用其中一部分搜索虚拟机名称？
【发布时间】：2021-03-27 22:18:00
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 ansible 插件（如 vmware_vm_info）在 VMware 中搜索 VM，以便稍后执行快照。似乎vm_name在所有使用ansible的VMware插件中都是区分大小写的参数。

我尝试在字符串变量中发送通配符但没有成功。有人知道怎么做吗？

【问题讨论】：

最好是你给我们一个足够相关的例子来说明vmware_vm_info产生的数据结构（例如在你的问题中产生对数据的调试），那么就有更好的机会我们可以在这里为您提供帮助。

标签： ansible yaml vmware

【解决方案1】：

根据我在the documentation of the module 中看到的内容，它会产生如下所示的结果：

[
   {
      "attributes":{
         "job":"backup-prepare"
      },
      "cluster":"None",
      "datacenter":"Datacenter-1",
      "esxi_hostname":"10.76.33.226",
      "folder":"/Datacenter-1/vm",
      "guest_fullname":"Ubuntu Linux (64-bit)",
      "guest_name":"ubuntu_t",
      "ip_address":"",
      "mac_address":[
         "00:50:56:87:a5:9a"
      ],
      "moid":"vm-24",
      "power_state":"poweredOff",
      "tags":[
         {
            "category_id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceCategory:b316cc45-f1a9-4277-811d-56c7e7975203:GLOBAL",
            "category_name":"cat_0001",
            "description":"",
            "id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceTag:43737ec0-b832-4abf-abb1-fd2448ce3b26:GLOBAL",
            "name":"tag_0001"
         }
      ],
      "uuid":"4207072c-edd8-3bd5-64dc-903fd3a0db04",
      "vm_network":{
         "00:50:56:87:a5:9a":{
            "ipv4":[
               "10.76.33.228"
            ],
            "ipv6":[
               
            ]
         }
      }
   }
]

*来源：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.9/modules/vmware_vm_info_module.html#return-values*

由于我在这里看不到任何vm_name，我将假设您的意思是guest_name，但本剧本背后的想法将适用于您认为合适的任何属性。

您可以使用 Jinja 过滤器map 将字典列表的值提取为简单列表。

下面是一个基于此模块记录的数据的示例剧本，我在其中添加了第二个假 VM，以展示列表中包含多个项目的结果：

- hosts: localhost
  gather_facts: no
      
  tasks:
    - debug:
        msg: "{{ virtual_machines | map(attribute='guest_name') | list }}"
      vars:
        virtual_machines: [
          {
              "attributes":{
                "job":"backup-prepare"
              },
              "cluster":"None",
              "datacenter":"Datacenter-1",
              "esxi_hostname":"10.76.33.226",
              "folder":"/Datacenter-1/vm",
              "guest_fullname":"Ubuntu Linux (64-bit)",
              "guest_name":"ubuntu_t",
              "ip_address":"",
              "mac_address":[
                "00:50:56:87:a5:9a"
              ],
              "moid":"vm-24",
              "power_state":"poweredOff",
              "tags":[
                {
                    "category_id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceCategory:b316cc45-f1a9-4277-811d-56c7e7975203:GLOBAL",
                    "category_name":"cat_0001",
                    "description":"",
                    "id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceTag:43737ec0-b832-4abf-abb1-fd2448ce3b26:GLOBAL",
                    "name":"tag_0001"
                }
              ],
              "uuid":"4207072c-edd8-3bd5-64dc-903fd3a0db04",
              "vm_network":{
                "00:50:56:87:a5:9a":{
                    "ipv4":[
                      "10.76.33.228"
                    ],
                    "ipv6":[
                      
                    ]
                }
              }
          },
          {
              "attributes":{
                "job":"backup-prepare"
              },
              "cluster":"None",
              "datacenter":"Datacenter-1",
              "esxi_hostname":"10.76.33.226",
              "folder":"/Datacenter-1/vm",
              "guest_fullname":"Ubuntu Linux (64-bit)",
              "guest_name":"ubuntu_t_2",
              "ip_address":"",
              "mac_address":[
                "00:50:56:87:a5:9a"
              ],
              "moid":"vm-24",
              "power_state":"poweredOff",
              "tags":[
                {
                    "category_id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceCategory:b316cc45-f1a9-4277-811d-56c7e7975203:GLOBAL",
                    "category_name":"cat_0001",
                    "description":"",
                    "id":"urn:vmomi:InventoryServiceTag:43737ec0-b832-4abf-abb1-fd2448ce3b26:GLOBAL",
                    "name":"tag_0001"
                }
              ],
              "uuid":"4207072c-edd8-3bd5-64dc-903fd3a0db04",
              "vm_network":{
                "00:50:56:87:a5:9a":{
                    "ipv4":[
                      "10.76.33.228"
                    ],
                    "ipv6":[
                      
                    ]
                }
              }
          }
        ]

这里是它的回顾：

PLAY [localhost] **************************************************************************************************

TASK [debug] ******************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "msg": [
        "ubuntu_t",
        "ubuntu_t_2"
    ]
}

PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

【讨论】：