增加 matplotlib 中图例线的线宽

Question

我知道，如果我更改线条的线宽，它会在图例中自动更新。 但是我想只更改图例线宽而不影响绘图。

Answer 1

下面是一个简单的例子：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# make some data
x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi)
y1 = np.sin(x)
y2 = np.cos(x)

# plot sin(x) and cos(x)
p1 = plt.plot(x, y1, 'b-', linewidth=1.0)
p2 = plt.plot(x, y2, 'r-', linewidth=1.0)

# make a legend for both plots
leg = plt.legend([p1, p2], ['sin(x)', 'cos(x)'], loc=1)

# set the linewidth of each legend object
for legobj in leg.legendHandles:
    legobj.set_linewidth(2.0)

plt.show()

Answer 2

@Brendan Wood 的方法使用pyplot 提供的api。在 matplotlib 中，object oriented style using axes is prefered。以下是使用axes 方法实现此目的的方法。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# make some data
x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi)
y1 = np.sin(x)
y2 = np.cos(x)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x, y1, linewidth=1.0, label='sin(x)')
ax.plot(x, y2, linewidth=1.0, label='cos(x)')
leg = ax.legend()

for line in leg.get_lines():
    line.set_linewidth(4.0)

plt.show()

产生的情节如下图所示，

Answer 3

默认情况下，图例包含线条本身。因此，改变画布中线条的线宽也会改变图例中的线条（反之亦然，因为它们本质上是同一个对象）。

一种可能的解决方案是使用画布上的艺术家副本并仅更改副本的线宽。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import copy

x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi)
y1 = np.sin(x)
y2 = np.cos(x)
fig = plt.figure()
ax  = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot(x, y1, c='b', label='y1',linewidth=1.0)
ax.plot(x, y2, c='r', label='y2')

# obtain the handles and labels from the figure
handles, labels = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()
# copy the handles
handles = [copy.copy(ha) for ha in handles ]
# set the linewidths to the copies
[ha.set_linewidth(7) for ha in handles ]
# put the copies into the legend
leg = plt.legend(handles=handles, labels=labels)

plt.savefig('leg_example')
plt.show()

另一种选择是使用handler_map 和更新功能。这在某种程度上是自动的，指定处理程序映射会自动使图例中的任何线宽 7 磅。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.legend_handler import HandlerLine2D

x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi)
y1 = np.sin(x)
y2 = np.cos(x)
fig = plt.figure()
ax  = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot(x, y1, c='b', label='y1',linewidth=1.0)
ax.plot(x, y2, c='r', label='y2')

linewidth=7
def update(handle, orig):
    handle.update_from(orig)
    handle.set_linewidth(7)

plt.legend(handler_map={plt.Line2D : HandlerLine2D(update_func=update)})

plt.show()

结果同上。

Answer 4

如果您想更改绘图中的所有线条，定义您自己的图例处理程序可能会很有用：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import legend_handler
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
import numpy as np

class MyHandlerLine2D(legend_handler.HandlerLine2D):
    def create_artists(self, legend, orig_handle,
                       xdescent, ydescent, width, height, fontsize,
                       trans):

        xdata, xdata_marker = self.get_xdata(legend, xdescent, ydescent,
                                             width, height, fontsize)

        ydata = ((height-ydescent)/2.)*np.ones(xdata.shape, float)
        legline = Line2D(xdata, ydata)

        self.update_prop(legline, orig_handle, legend)
        #legline.update_from(orig_handle)
        #legend._set_artist_props(legline) # after update
        #legline.set_clip_box(None)
        #legline.set_clip_path(None)
        legline.set_drawstyle('default')
        legline.set_marker("")
        legline.set_linewidth(10)


        legline_marker = Line2D(xdata_marker, ydata[:len(xdata_marker)])
        self.update_prop(legline_marker, orig_handle, legend)
        #legline_marker.update_from(orig_handle)
        #legend._set_artist_props(legline_marker)
        #legline_marker.set_clip_box(None)
        #legline_marker.set_clip_path(None)
        legline_marker.set_linestyle('None')
        if legend.markerscale != 1:
            newsz = legline_marker.get_markersize()*legend.markerscale
            legline_marker.set_markersize(newsz)
        # we don't want to add this to the return list because
        # the texts and handles are assumed to be in one-to-one
        # correpondence.
        legline._legmarker = legline_marker

        return [legline, legline_marker]


plt.plot( [0, 1], [0, 1], '-r', lw=1, label='Line' )
plt.legend(handler_map={Line2D:MyHandlerLine2D()})

plt.show()