如何使用 apache vfs2 进行 sftp 公私钥和无密码

Question

目前我正在使用 apache vfs2 从 sftp 下载文件。对于身份验证，我使用用户名和密码。

有没有办法只使用公私钥而不使用密码来使用 vfs2？

我想我已经使用了这个功能，但是如何使用呢？只设置为“是”？

SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(options, "no");

这是我当前的代码（sn-p）：

private boolean downloadFile(){

    StandardFileSystemManager sysManager = new StandardFileSystemManager();

    //download der Datei
    try {
        sysManager.init();

        FileObject localFile = sysManager.resolveFile(localFilePath);

        FileObject remoteFile = sysManager.resolveFile(createConnectionString(host, user, password, fileName, port),createDefaultOptions());

        //Selectors.SELECT_FILES --> A FileSelector that selects only the base file/folder.
        localFile.copyFrom(remoteFile, Selectors.SELECT_FILES);


    } catch (Exception e) {
        logger.error("Downloading file failed: " + e.toString());
        return false;
    }finally{
        sysManager.close();
    }
    return true;
}

和

private FileSystemOptions createDefaultOptions() throws FileSystemException{

    //create options for sftp
    FileSystemOptions options = new FileSystemOptions();
    //ssh key
    SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(options, "no");
    //set root directory to user home
    SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(options, true);
    //timeout
    SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(options, timeout);

    return options;
}

Answer 1

我们不应该使用下面的方法来创建连接字符串。这可能会暴露密码。

public static String createConnectionString(String hostName, String username, String password, String keyPath, String passphrase, String remoteFilePath) {

    if (keyPath != null) {
        return "sftp://" + username + "@" + hostName + "/" + remoteFilePath;
    } else {
        return "sftp://" + username + ":" + password + "@" + hostName + "/" + remoteFilePath;
    }
}

根据 Apache 网站上提供的文档，我们应该使用

StaticUserAuthenticator auth = new StaticUserAuthenticator("domain", "username", "password");

链接：https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-vfs/api.html

另外，如果我们使用基于公钥或私钥的身份验证，那么我们应该使用setIdentityInfo(FileSystemOptions, IdentityInfo...) 而不是setIdentities(FileSystemOptions opts, File... identityFiles)。

参考：https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-vfs/commons-vfs2/apidocs/org/apache/commons/vfs2/provider/sftp/SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.html

FileSystemOptions opts = new FileSystemOptions();
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(opts, "no");
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(opts, false);

String openSSHPrivateKey = "C:\\Users\\<filepath>\\id_rsa.key";

IdentityInfo myIdentityInfo = new IdentityInfo(new File(openSSHPrivateKey));
    
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance(). setIdentityInfo(opts, myIdentityInfo);

Answer 2

获取您的代码并将其包装成一个可运行的示例。注意IdentityInfo 实现。这可以通过更改明显的行来使用带有密码的密钥。

$ javac -cp 'jsch-0.1.51.jar;commons-vfs2-2.0.jar' SftpGet.java
$ java -cp 'jsch-0.1.51.jar;commons-vfs2-2.0.jar;commons-logging-1.1.1.jar;.' SftpGet

与

import java.io.File;

import com.jcraft.jsch.UserInfo;

import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileObject;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemException;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemOptions;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.Selectors;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.impl.StandardFileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.sftp.SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.sftp.IdentityInfo;


    public class SftpGet {

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            downloadFile();
        }


        private static boolean downloadFile(){

            String host = "HOSTNAMEHERE";
            String user = "USERNAMEHERE";
            String password = "";
            String fileName = "/lines.txt";
            String localFilePath = "c:/cygwin64/home/woddle/wrote_lines.txt";

            // without passphrase
            String keyPath = "c:/cygwin64/home/woddle/.ssh/id_dsa_nopass";
            String passphrase = null;

            // with passphrase
            // String keyPath = "c:/cygwin64/home/woddle/.ssh/id_dsa_withpass";
            // String passphrase = "super-secrets";

            StandardFileSystemManager sysManager = new StandardFileSystemManager();

            //download der Datei
            try {
                sysManager.init();

                FileObject localFile = sysManager.resolveFile(localFilePath);

                FileObject remoteFile = sysManager.resolveFile(createConnectionString(host, user, password, keyPath, passphrase, fileName), createDefaultOptions(keyPath, passphrase));

                //Selectors.SELECT_FILES --> A FileSelector that selects only the base file/folder.
                localFile.copyFrom(remoteFile, Selectors.SELECT_FILES);


            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("Downloading file failed: " + e.toString());
                return false;
            }finally{
                sysManager.close();
            }
            return true;
        }


        public static String createConnectionString(String hostName, String username, String password, String keyPath, String passphrase, String remoteFilePath) {

            if (keyPath != null) {
                return "sftp://" + username + "@" + hostName + "/" + remoteFilePath;
            } else {
                return "sftp://" + username + ":" + password + "@" + hostName + "/" + remoteFilePath;
            }
        }



        private static FileSystemOptions createDefaultOptions(final String keyPath, final String passphrase) throws FileSystemException{

            //create options for sftp
            FileSystemOptions options = new FileSystemOptions();
            //ssh key
            SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(options, "no");
            //set root directory to user home
            SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(options, true);
            //timeout
            SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(options, 10000);

            if (keyPath != null) {
                IdentityInfo identityInfo = null;
                if(passPhrase!=null){
                    identityInfo = new IdentityInfo(new File(keyPath), passPhrase.getBytes());
                }else{
                    identityInfo =  new IdentityInfo(new File(keyPath));
                }
          SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setIdentityInfo(options, identityInfo);
            }


            return options;
        }


    }