无法从提升子进程中获取分段错误退出代码

Question

当子进程由于分段违规或除为零或任何其他终止信号而被终止时，我正在尝试获取子进程的退出代码（使用 boost::process 和 boost::asio）。退出代码和错误代码始终返回 0 并成功。

我在 CentOS 7 上使用 g++ 4.8.5 和 boost 1.66 运行它

如果我使用仅返回非零退出代码的子进程运行相同的代码，它会成功返回该退出代码。

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/process.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/io_service.hpp>

namespace bp = boost::process;
using namespace std;

int main (int argc, char** argv)
{
   string exe = "./crashes";

   vector<string> data;
   boost::asio::io_service ios;

   int exit_code;
   error_code ec;
   future<string> ostr;

   bp::child c(exe,
               (bp::std_out & bp::std_err) > ostr,
               ios,
               bp::on_exit=[&exit_code, &ec](int exit, const error_code& ecin)
                                             {exit_code = exit; ec = ecin;});

   ios.run();

   cout << "Exit Code = " << exit_code << endl;
   cout << "Error Code = " << ec.message() << endl;
   cout << "child stdin & stderr:\n";
   cout << ostr.get() << endl;
   return exit_code;
}

和崩溃代码

int main (int argc, char** argv)
{
   int* y = 0;
   int c = *y;
}

结果显示 0 退出代码和 Success error_code

Exit Code = 0
Error Code = Success
child stdin & stderr:

单独运行 crash 可执行文件会返回退出代码 139

bash-4.2$ ./crashes 
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
bash-4.2$ echo $?
139

Answer 1

进程终止和退出代码的详细信息取决于平台。

Boost 过程文件关于默认界面的差异：您的on_exit 处理程序被调用，结果为退出状态的boost::process::detail::posix::eval_exit_status()，这意味着：

inline int eval_exit_status(int code)
{
    if (WIFEXITED(code))
    {
        return WEXITSTATUS(code);
    }
    else if (WIFSIGNALED(code))
    {
        return WTERMSIG(code);
    }
    else
    {
        return code;
    }
}

所以，你得到“exit-code 11”，意思是段错误......如果你想真正知道，你可以看看native_exit_code()

bp::on_exit = [&result, &c](int /*ignored*/, const std::error_code &ec) {
    auto exit_status = c.native_exit_code();
    result.exit_code = boost::make_optional(WIFEXITED(exit_status), WEXITSTATUS(exit_status));
    result.signal    = boost::make_optional(WIFSIGNALED(exit_status), WTERMSIG(exit_status));
    result.ec = ec;
}

现在假设结果变量有一些变化。完整列表：

上市

#include <boost/asio/io_service.hpp>
#include <boost/process.hpp>
#include <iostream>

namespace bp = boost::process;

int main(int argc, char**) {
    std::string exe = argc>1? "./ltua" : "./crashes";

    boost::asio::io_service ios;

    struct {
        boost::optional<int> exit_code;
        boost::optional<int> signal;
        std::error_code ec{};
    } result;

    std::future<std::string> ostr;

    bp::group g;
    bp::child c(exe, g, (bp::std_out & bp::std_err) > ostr, ios,
        bp::on_exit = [&result, &c](int /*ignored*/, const std::error_code &ec) {
            auto exit_status = c.native_exit_code();
            result.exit_code = boost::make_optional(WIFEXITED(exit_status), WEXITSTATUS(exit_status));
            result.signal    = boost::make_optional(WIFSIGNALED(exit_status), WTERMSIG(exit_status));
            result.ec = ec;
        });

    //g.wait();
    ios.run();

    if (result.exit_code) {
        std::cout << "Exited with " << *result.exit_code << std::endl;
    }
    if (result.signal) {
        std::cout << "Signaled with sginal #" << *result.signal << ", aka " << ::strsignal(*result.signal) <<  std::endl;
    }

    std::cout << "Error Code = " << result.ec.message() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "child stdin & stderr:\n";
    std::cout << ostr.get() << std::endl;
    return result.exit_code? *result.exit_code : 255;
}

输出

使用ltua.cpp 运行时：

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    std::cout << "so  long"   << std::end;
    std::cerr << "and thanks" << std::end;
    std::cout << "for all"    << std::end;
    std::cerr << "the fish"   << std::end;
    return 42;
}

打印

Exited with 42
Error Code = Success
child stdin & stderr:
so  long
and thanks
for all
the fish

还有crashes.cpp:

int main() {
    int *y = 0;
    int c = *y;
}

打印

Signaled with sginal #11, aka Segmentation fault
Error Code = Success
child stdin & stderr: