在 Windows 命令行上检查主机可达性

Question

如果主机可访问，我如何签入批处理文件？问题是 ping 不仅在成功时返回 0，而且在 Destination host unreachable 错误时返回 0：

C:\>ping 192.168.1.1 -n 1

Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=64

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
    Packets: Sent = 1, Received = 1, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 3ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 3ms

C:\>echo %errorlevel%
0

C:\>ping 192.168.1.105 -n 1

Pinging 192.168.1.105 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.102: Destination host unreachable.

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.105:
    Packets: Sent = 1, Received = 1, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

C:\>echo %errorlevel%
0

有什么方法可以使用ping 或任何其他内置 Windows 工具来实现吗？如果可能的话，我宁愿不安装任何东西......

Answer 1

下一个代码 sn-p 应该可以工作：

set "_ip=localhost"
set "_ip=192.168.1.1"
ping %_ip% -n 1 -4 | find /i "TTL=">nul
if errorlevel 1 (
    echo ping %_ip% failure
) else ( 
    echo ping %_ip% success
)

• -4 强制使用 IPv4（例如 ping localhost 回复 IPv6 而没有 TTL= 输出）
• | find /i "TTL=" as find 命令引发 errorlevel 好
• >nul 抑制不需要的输出

Answer 2

做这样的事情：

PING 192.168.1.1 -n 1 | FIND /I "Reply from "

然后你可以检查错误级别

编辑：为了适应“目标主机无法访问的错误，您可以这样做：

PING 192.168.1.1 -n 1 | FIND /I /V "unreachable" | FIND /I "Reply from "

Answer 3

我认为你需要tracert。如果找不到主机，则将错误级别设置为1。并且应该使用与ping相同的端口。-h 2是为了减少等待时间，因为不需要完整的路由。

tracert -h 2 somehost.com >nul 2>nul && (
  echo reachable host
) || (
  echo unreachable host
)

编辑：要在括号中打印正确的错误级别，您需要延迟扩展。这是更高级的示例：

@echo off

setlocal enableDelayedExpansion

echo checking google.com
tracert -h 1 google.com >nul 2>nul && (
  echo reachable host
  echo !errorlevel!
  rem prevent execution of negative condition
  color 22
) || (
  echo unreachable host 
  echo !errorlevel!
)


echo checking asdasdjjakskwkdhasdasd
tracert -h 1 asdasdjjakskwkdhasdasd >nul 2>nul && (
  echo reachable host#
  echo !errorlevel!
   rem prevent execution of negative condition
   color
) || (
  echo unreachable host#
  echo !errorlevel!
)