命令出错，退出状态为 1，访问被拒绝

Question

最近我安装了 anaconda。现在，我卸载了 Anaconda 并重新安装了 python 3.6。由于以下错误，我无法安装某些软件包。

Collecting pyinstaller
  Using cached pyinstaller-4.0.tar.gz (3.5 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\python.exe' 'c
:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\pip' insta
ll --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-b
uild-env-nt65tuv0\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-b
inary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'setuptools>=40.8.0' wheel
       cwd: None
  Complete output (14 lines):
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", li
ne 193, in _run_module_as_main
      "__main__", mod_spec)
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", li
ne 85, in _run_code
      exec(code, run_globals)
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages
\pip\__main__.py", line 23, in <module>
      from pip._internal.cli.main import main as _main  # isort:skip # noqa
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages
\pip\_internal\cli\main.py", line 5, in <module>
      import locale
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\locale.py", l
ine 16, in <module>
      import re
    File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\re.py", line
142, in <module>
      class RegexFlag(enum.IntFlag):
  AttributeError: module 'enum' has no attribute 'IntFlag'
  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'c:\users\dell\appdata\local\prog
rams\python\python36\python.exe' 'c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\py
thon36\lib\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\
Users\DELL\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-nt65tuv0\overlay' --no-warn-script-l
ocation --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 's
etuptools>=40.8.0' wheel Check the logs for full command output.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 468, in __exit__
    if cb(*exc_details):
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 396, in _exit_wrapper
    return cm_exit(cm, *exc_details)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 175, in __exit__
    self.cleanup()
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 199, in cleanup
    rmtree(ensure_text(self._path))
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 49, in wrapped_f
    return Retrying(*dargs, **dkw).call(f, *args, **kw)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 212, in call
    raise attempt.get()
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 247, in get
    six.reraise(self.value[0], self.value[1], self.value[2])
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\six.py", line 703, in reraise
    raise value
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 200, in call
    attempt = Attempt(fn(*args, **kwargs), attempt_number, False)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\misc.py", line 139, in rmtree
    onerror=rmtree_errorhandler)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 488, in rmtree
    return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 383, in _rmtree_unsafe
    onerror(os.unlink, fullname, sys.exc_info())
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 381, in _rmtree_unsafe
    os.unlink(fullname)
PermissionError: [WinError 5] Access is denied: 'C:\\Users\\DELL\\AppData\\Local
\\Temp\\pip-install-k22kzs5t\\pyinstaller\\PyInstaller\\bootloader\\Windows-32bi
t\\run.exe'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line
 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line
 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Scripts\pip.exe\__m
ain__.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\cli\main.py", line 75, in main
    return command.main(cmd_args)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 121, in main
    return self._main(args)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\contextlib.py",
 line 89, in __exit__
    next(self.gen)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\cli\command_context.py", line 28, in main_context
    yield
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 479, in __exit__
    _reraise_with_existing_context(exc_details)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 340, in _reraise_with_existing_context
    raise exc_details[1]
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\contextlib.py",
 line 100, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 85, in tempdir_registry
    yield _tempdir_registry
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 468, in __exit__
    if cb(*exc_details):
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 396, in _exit_wrapper
    return cm_exit(cm, *exc_details)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\contextlib.py",
 line 89, in __exit__
    next(self.gen)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 46, in global_tempdir_manager
    _tempdir_manager = old_tempdir_manager
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 479, in __exit__
    _reraise_with_existing_context(exc_details)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 340, in _reraise_with_existing_context
    raise exc_details[1]
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 468, in __exit__
    if cb(*exc_details):
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\contextlib2.py", line 396, in _exit_wrapper
    return cm_exit(cm, *exc_details)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 175, in __exit__
    self.cleanup()
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\temp_dir.py", line 199, in cleanup
    rmtree(ensure_text(self._path))
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 49, in wrapped_f
    return Retrying(*dargs, **dkw).call(f, *args, **kw)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 212, in call
    raise attempt.get()
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 247, in get
    six.reraise(self.value[0], self.value[1], self.value[2])
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\six.py", line 703, in reraise
    raise value
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_vendor\retrying.py", line 200, in call
    attempt = Attempt(fn(*args, **kwargs), attempt_number, False)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\p
ip\_internal\utils\misc.py", line 139, in rmtree
    onerror=rmtree_errorhandler)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 488, in rmtree
    return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 378, in _rmtree_unsafe
    _rmtree_unsafe(fullname, onerror)
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 383, in _rmtree_unsafe
    onerror(os.unlink, fullname, sys.exc_info())
  File "c:\users\dell\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\shutil.py", lin
e 381, in _rmtree_unsafe
    os.unlink(fullname)
PermissionError: [WinError 5] Access is denied: 'C:\\Users\\DELL\\AppData\\Local
\\Temp\\pip-install-k22kzs5t\\pyinstaller\\PyInstaller\\bootloader\\Windows-32bi
t\\run.exe'

这令人沮丧。我也用管理员运行了 cmd，但其他帖子对我不起作用。顺便说一句，我有 Windows 7

Answer 1

错误消息 -“PermissionError: [WinError 5] Access is denied: '... Windows-32bit\run.exe'”表明正在运行 32 位版本文件，因此被拒绝访问。

可以通过从 Windows 中删除现有 Python 版本，然后重新安装 64 位版本来解决问题。

成功安装和轻松升级的提示：

使用小路径手动创建安装目录，没有空格，并具有安装python的“写入”权限，而不是安装程序提供的默认目录。

安装程序安装到C:\users\name\app data\ ...... 此路径通常会在升级 Python 时出现问题。

提示：

创建一个名为 C:\python3 的文件夹（用于安装 python v3）并将“写入”权限授予用户。

安装时选择C:\python3作为安装目录。

这将有助于安装 python 并在将来轻松升级它。

Answer 2

当我遇到错误时，我关闭了 cmd. 我用管理员启动了 cmd 并触发了命令 nvm use 12.10.0，它对我有用。