如何为表生成自动 INSERT 脚本

Question

我刚开始使用 SQL Server，我不知道是工作、触发器还是过程，总之，我需要您支持我做以下事情：在我的数据库中存储一些需求的记录，这些需求关联到一个状态，可以是Completed或者Closed，一周后（正好是7天）处于Completed状态的需求必须自动改变状态为@987654324 @，但除此之外，我还需要您执行该记录的INSERT（自动），这意味着该行中的所有数据都插入相同，唯一改变的是对应于的列状态，在这种情况下将完成。

以下是我获取状态为Completed的超过7天的需求记录的查询。

SELECT TK_DT_RECORDS.*
FROM TK_HD_TICKETS AS TICKETS
INNER JOIN TK_DT_RECORDS ON TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
WHERE TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID = (SELECT MAX (TK_DT_RECORDS_ID) 
                                        FROM TK_DT_RECORDS 
                                        WHERE TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID)
  AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'TMN') 
  AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.ACTIVITY_DATE < DATEADD(DAY, 7, GETDATE()));

直到那里我不知道如何在该表中执行自动INSERT。

TK_CT_STATUS_ID 对应于Completed 的 TMN 状态标识符，Closed 的 CDO。

更新：

WITH CTE AS 
(
    SELECT TK_DT_RECORDS.*
    FROM TK_HD_TICKETS AS TICKETS
    INNER JOIN TK_DT_RECORDS ON TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
    WHERE TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID = (SELECT MAX (TK_DT_RECORDS_ID) 
                                            FROM TK_DT_RECORDS 
                                            WHERE TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID)
      AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'TMN') 
      AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.ACTIVITY_DATE < DATEADD(DAY, 7, GETDATE()))
)
INSERT INTO TK_DT_RECORDS ([TK_DT_RECORDS_ID], [ACTIVITY_DATE], [CONTENT],[TK_HD_TICKETS_ID], [NOTE], [USER_UPDATE], [TK_CT_STATUS_ID], [TK_BT_EMPLOYEES_ID],[TK_CT_SERVICES_ID], [TK_CT_PRIORITIES_ID], [TK_CT_CATEGORIES_ID], TK_CT_SUBSERVICES_ID]) 
VALUES ..................;

Answer 1

通过生成返回需要更新的记录的select 查询，您已经完成了工作中最困难的部分。将其转换为 update 语句的一种简单方法是利用 SQL Server 支持的可更新公用表表达式的概念：

WITH CTE AS (
    SELECT TK_DT_RECORDS.*
    FROM TK_HD_TICKETS AS TICKETS
    INNER JOIN TK_DT_RECORDS ON TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
    WHERE TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID = (SELECT MAX (TK_DT_RECORDS_ID) FROM TK_DT_RECORDS 
    WHERE TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID )
    AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'TMN') 
    AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.ACTIVITY_DATE < DATEADD(DAY, 7, GETDATE()))
)
UPDATE CTE SET TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'CDO'

---

编辑

如果您正在寻找 insert 语句，那么您可以使用 INSERT ... SELECT ... 语法，例如：

INSERT INTO TK_DT_RECORDS(
    [TK_DT_RECORDS_ID],
    [ACTIVITY_DATE],
    [CONTENT],
    [TK_HD_TICKETS_ID],
    [NOTE],
    [USER_UPDATE],
    [TK_CT_STATUS_ID],
    [TK_BT_EMPLOYEES_ID],
    [TK_CT_SERVICES_ID],
    [TK_CT_PRIORITIES_ID],
    [TK_CT_CATEGORIES_ID],
    [TK_CT_SUBSERVICES_ID]
)
SELECT 
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_DT_RECORDS_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[ACTIVITY_DATE],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[CONTENT],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_HD_TICKETS_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[NOTE],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[USER_UPDATE],
    'CDO',
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_BT_EMPLOYEES_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_CT_SERVICES_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_CT_PRIORITIES_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_CT_CATEGORIES_ID],
    TK_DT_RECORDS.[TK_CT_SUBSERVICES_ID]
FROM TK_HD_TICKETS AS TICKETS
INNER JOIN TK_DT_RECORDS 
    ON TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
WHERE 
    TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID = (
        SELECT MAX (TK_DT_RECORDS_ID) 
        FROM TK_DT_RECORDS 
        WHERE TICKETS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID 
    )
    AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'TMN') 
    AND (TK_DT_RECORDS.ACTIVITY_DATE < DATEADD(DAY, 7, GETDATE()))

请注意，这仅在TK_CT_STATUS_ID 是您表的所有唯一键（包括主键）的一部分时才有效；否则在尝试插入新记录时会出现键约束错误。

Answer 2

您不需要 cte。这只是一个更新声明。我稍微更改了您的查询以使用别名。当一切都是大写时，阅读起来非常困难。

update r
set TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'CDO'
FROM TK_HD_TICKETS AS t
INNER JOIN TK_DT_RECORDS r ON t.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = r.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
WHERE r.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID = (
                                SELECT MAX(r2.TK_DT_RECORDS_ID) 
                                FROM TK_DT_RECORDS r2
                                WHERE t.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID = r2.TK_HD_TICKETS_ID
                            )
AND r.TK_CT_STATUS_ID = 'TMN'
AND r.ACTIVITY_DATE < DATEADD(DAY, 7, GETDATE());