您最有可能在寻找matplotlib.pyplot.scatter。示例:
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# Generate data:
N = 10
x = np.linspace(0, 1, N)
y = np.linspace(0, 1, N)
x, y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
colors = np.random.rand(N, N) # colors for each x,y
# Plot
circle_size = 200
cmap = matplotlib.cm.viridis # replace with your favourite colormap
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(4, 4))
s = ax.scatter(x, y, s=circle_size, c=colors, cmap=cmap)
# Prettify
ax.axis("tight")
fig.colorbar(s)
plt.show()
注意:viridis 在旧版本的 matplotlib 上可能会失败。
结果图像:
编辑
scatter 不需要您的输入数据是二维的,这里有 4 种生成相同图像的替代方法:
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [0,0,1,1,2,2,3,3]
y = [-1,3,2,-2,0,2,3,1]
values = [2,6,10,8,0,9,3,6]
# Let the colormap extend between:
vmin = min(values)
vmax = max(values)
cmap = matplotlib.cm.viridis
norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize(vmin=vmin, vmax=vmax)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(4, sharex=True, sharey=True)
# Alternative 1: using plot:
for i in range(len(x)):
color = cmap(norm(values[i]))
ax[0].plot(x[i], y[i], linestyle='none', color=color, marker='o')
# Alternative 2: using scatter without specifying norm
ax[1].scatter(x, y, c=values, cmap=cmap)
# Alternative 3: using scatter with normalized values:
ax[2].scatter(x, y, c=cmap(norm(values)))
# Alternative 4: using scatter with vmin, vmax and cmap keyword-arguments
ax[3].scatter(x, y, c=values, vmin=vmin, vmax=vmax, cmap=cmap)
plt.show()