在R中，人口金字塔的ggplot：翻转坐标后如何将靠近轴的标签与geom_bar geom_label对齐

Question

我正在使用 ggplot 制作一种人口金字塔（plotrix 不允许我做花哨的标签等），然后我从一个带有标签的 geom_bar 开始，然后我翻转坐标。可悲的是，标签几乎看不到。我想将这些标签移到中间的“y 轴”附近，现在显示的是年龄组。 数据在这里：

d <- data.frame(age.grp2 = c("1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50", "1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50"), sex = c("Female","Female","Female","Female","Female","Male","Male","Male","Male","Male" ), n.enroll = c(288,500,400,300,200,300,460,300,200,300), proportion = c(17.1,29.6,23.7,17.8,11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60), proportion2 = c(-17.1,-29.6,-23.7,-17.8,-11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60))

我的代码是这个：

ggplot(d, aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion2, fill = sex)) + geom_bar(position = position_dodge(width=1), stat='identity') + geom_label(aes(label = paste(n.enroll," (",proportion,"%)", sep=""), group = factor(sex)), fill="white", colour = "black", position= position_dodge(width=1), size = 3) + scale_fill_manual(values=c("#BFD5E3", "grey")) + facet_share(~sex, dir = "h", scales = "free", reverse_num = TRUE) + coord_flip() + theme(panel.grid.major = element_blank(), panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), #panel.border = element_blank(), panel.background = element_blank(), legend.position = "none", #axis.line.x = element_line(color = "black"), axis.ticks.y = element_blank(), axis.text.x = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold", angle=0, hjust=0.5), axis.text.y = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold"), axis.title.x = element_text(size = 14, face="bold", margin = margin(t = 30, r = 20, b = 10, l = 20)), plot.margin = unit(c(1,1,1,1),"cm")) + labs(y = "Enrollment percentage within sex",x="")

我还附上了情节，我们可以在哪里在女性中，11-20 岁年龄段的标签被剪掉了。我想让所有标签靠近年龄组标签，在每个栏中：女性标签向右移动，男性标签向左移动。另外，我想让每个 x 轴扩展到 100% 或至少在相同的范围内，女性高达 30%，男性高达 60%。感谢所有 cmets

Answer 1

这是一个使用基本ggplot 包的最小解决方案，没有大部分格式。关键部分是在geom_label(aes()) 部分添加条件y = ...：

d %>% 
  mutate(
    label = str_c(n.enroll, " (", proportion, "%)"),
    label_loc = if_else(sex == "Female", -9.5, 3),
    proportion_for_chart = if_else(sex == "Female", -proportion, proportion)
  ) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion_for_chart, fill = sex)) +
  geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
  geom_label(aes(y = label_loc, label = label), size = 3, fill = "white", hjust = 0) +
  coord_flip() +
  facet_wrap(~ sex, scales = "free") +
  theme(
    axis.title = element_blank()
  )

只要有可能，我会尝试重塑数据并使用geom_col，而不是尝试使用geom_bar 来获得好运。您应该能够在 geom_label 调用中使用不同的硬编码值 y，以根据您的格式和图像大小/比例来修复标签的正确位置。