正向工程 EER 图时出现错误 1005答案

【问题标题】：Error 1005 when Forward Engineering EER diagram正向工程 EER 图时出现错误 1005
【发布时间】：2019-11-11 06:32:51
【问题描述】：

我在 MySQL Workbench 中创建了一个 EER 图（如下图所示），并希望 Forward Engineer 来构建 DB。

在将模型选项配置为目标 MySQL 版本并从 SQL 代码中的所有索引中删除“可见”一词后（代码在这篇文章的底部），因为它触发了一个错误，我来了跨越 1005 错误：

Executing SQL script in server
ERROR: Error 1005: Can't create table `books`.`books` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
SQL Code:
        -- -----------------------------------------------------
        -- Table `books`.`books`
        -- -----------------------------------------------------
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`books` (
          `bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
          `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
          `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
          `book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `ISBN` VARCHAR(13) NULL,
          PRIMARY KEY (`bookID`),
          INDEX `fk_books_book_prices1_idx` (`book_prices_book_priceID` ASC),
          INDEX `fk_books_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
          CONSTRAINT `fk_books_book_prices1`
            FOREIGN KEY (`book_prices_book_priceID`)
            REFERENCES `books`.`book_prices` (`book_priceID`)
            ON DELETE NO ACTION
            ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
          CONSTRAINT `fk_books_transactions1`
            FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
            REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
            ON DELETE NO ACTION
            ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
        ENGINE = InnoDB

SQL script execution finished: statements: 8 succeeded, 1 failed

Fetching back view definitions in final form.
Nothing to fetch

感谢任何有关如何解决它的指导。

我使用的 SQL 代码如下：

-- MySQL Workbench Forward Engineering

SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema books
-- -----------------------------------------------------

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema books
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `books` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 ;
USE `books` ;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`book_prices`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`book_prices` (
  `book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `bookID` INT(11) NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `currency` CHAR(2) NULL,
  `date_start` DATETIME NULL,
  `date_end` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`book_priceID`))
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`transaction_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`transaction_types` (
  `transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transaction_typeID`))
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`transactions`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`transactions` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_transactions_transaction_types1_idx` (`transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_transactions_transaction_types1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transaction_types` (`transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`books`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`books` (
  `bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `ISBN` VARCHAR(13) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`bookID`),
  INDEX `fk_books_book_prices1_idx` (`book_prices_book_priceID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_books_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_books_book_prices1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`book_prices_book_priceID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`book_prices` (`book_priceID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_books_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`batch_transaction`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`batch_transaction` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_batch_transaction_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_batch_transaction_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`batches`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`batches` (
  `batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batch_transaction_transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  `book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `supplierID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`batchID`),
  INDEX `fk_batches_batch_transaction1_idx` (`batch_transaction_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_batches_batch_transaction1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batch_transaction_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batch_transaction` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`book_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`book_types` (
  `book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `books_bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `batches_batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`book_typeID`),
  INDEX `fk_product_types_products1_idx` (`books_bookID` ASC, `books_book_prices_book_priceID` ASC, `books_book_types_book_typeID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_product_types_batches1_idx` (`batches_batchID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_books1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`books_bookID` , `books_book_prices_book_priceID` , `books_book_types_book_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`books` (`bookID` , `book_prices_book_priceID` , `book_types_book_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_batches1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batches_batchID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batches` (`batchID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`suppliers`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`suppliers` (
  `supplierID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batches_batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`supplierID`),
  INDEX `fk_suppliers_batches1_idx` (`batches_batchID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_suppliers_batches1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batches_batchID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batches` (`batchID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`customer_transaction`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`customer_transaction` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `customerID` INT(11) NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_client_transaction_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customer_transaction_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`customers`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`customers` (
  `customerID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `books_bookID` INT(11) NULL,
  `books_book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `customer_transaction_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`customerID`),
  INDEX `fk_clients_products1_idx` (`books_bookID` ASC, `books_book_prices_book_priceID` ASC, `books_book_types_book_typeID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_clients_client_transaction1_idx` (`customer_transaction_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customrs_products1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`books_bookID` , `books_book_prices_book_priceID` , `books_book_types_book_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`books` (`bookID` , `book_prices_book_priceID` , `book_types_book_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customers_customer_transaction1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`customer_transaction_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`customer_transaction` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`discounts`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`discounts` (
  `discountID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`discountID`),
  INDEX `fk_discounts_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_discounts_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`discount_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`discount_types` (
  `discount_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Type` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `discounts_discountID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`discount_typeID`),
  INDEX `fk_discount_types_discounts1_idx` (`discounts_discountID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_discount_types_discounts1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`discounts_discountID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`discounts` (`discountID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`storagedistribution`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`storagedistribution` (
  `storagedistributionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`storagedistributionID`),
  INDEX `fk_storagedistribution_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_storagedistribution_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;

编辑 1： 从两个 books batch_transaction 表中删除 transaction_typeID 并运行以下 SQL 脚本：

-- MySQL Workbench Forward Engineering

SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema books
-- -----------------------------------------------------

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema books
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `books` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 ;
USE `books` ;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`book_prices`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`book_prices` (
  `book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `bookID` INT(11) NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `currency` CHAR(2) NULL,
  `date_start` DATETIME NULL,
  `date_end` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`book_priceID`))
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`transaction_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`transaction_types` (
  `transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transaction_typeID`))
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`transactions`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`transactions` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_transactions_transaction_types1_idx` (`transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_transactions_transaction_types1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transaction_types` (`transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`books`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`books` (
  `bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `ISBN` VARCHAR(13) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`bookID`),
  INDEX `fk_books_book_prices1_idx` (`book_prices_book_priceID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_books_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_books_book_prices1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`book_prices_book_priceID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`book_prices` (`book_priceID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_books_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`batch_transaction`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`batch_transaction` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_batch_transaction_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_batch_transaction_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`batches`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`batches` (
  `batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batch_transaction_transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  `book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `price` DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  `supplierID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`batchID`),
  INDEX `fk_batches_batch_transaction1_idx` (`batch_transaction_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_batches_batch_transaction1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batch_transaction_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batch_transaction` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`book_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`book_types` (
  `book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `books_bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `batches_batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`book_typeID`),
  INDEX `fk_product_types_products1_idx` (`books_bookID` ASC, `books_book_prices_book_priceID` ASC, `books_book_types_book_typeID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_product_types_batches1_idx` (`batches_batchID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_books1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`books_bookID` , `books_book_prices_book_priceID` , `books_book_types_book_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`books` (`bookID` , `book_prices_book_priceID` , `book_types_book_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_batches1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batches_batchID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batches` (`batchID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`suppliers`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`suppliers` (
  `supplierID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `batches_batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`supplierID`),
  INDEX `fk_suppliers_batches1_idx` (`batches_batchID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_suppliers_batches1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`batches_batchID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`batches` (`batchID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`customer_transaction`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`customer_transaction` (
  `transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `customerID` INT(11) NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `date` DATETIME NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
  INDEX `fk_client_transaction_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customer_transaction_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`customers`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`customers` (
  `customerID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `books_bookID` INT(11) NULL,
  `books_book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `books_book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `customer_transaction_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`customerID`),
  INDEX `fk_clients_products1_idx` (`books_bookID` ASC, `books_book_prices_book_priceID` ASC, `books_book_types_book_typeID` ASC),
  INDEX `fk_clients_client_transaction1_idx` (`customer_transaction_transactionID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customrs_products1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`books_bookID` , `books_book_prices_book_priceID` , `books_book_types_book_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`books` (`bookID` , `book_prices_book_priceID` , `book_types_book_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_customers_customer_transaction1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`customer_transaction_transactionID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`customer_transaction` (`transactionID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`discounts`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`discounts` (
  `discountID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`discountID`),
  INDEX `fk_discounts_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_discounts_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`discount_types`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`discount_types` (
  `discount_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Type` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `discounts_discountID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`discount_typeID`),
  INDEX `fk_discount_types_discounts1_idx` (`discounts_discountID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_discount_types_discounts1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`discounts_discountID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`discounts` (`discountID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `books`.`storagedistribution`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`storagedistribution` (
  `storagedistributionID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `transactions_transactionID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`storagedistributionID`),
  INDEX `fk_storagedistribution_transactions1_idx` (`transactions_transactionID` ASC, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_storagedistribution_transactions1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID` , `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID` , `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;

现在我在表book_types 中遇到了同样的错误：

ERROR: Error 1005: Can't create table `books`.`book_types` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
SQL Code:
        -- -----------------------------------------------------
        -- Table `books`.`book_types`
        -- -----------------------------------------------------
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `books`.`book_types` (
          `book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
          `name` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
          `books_bookID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `books_book_prices_book_priceID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `books_book_types_book_typeID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          `batches_batchID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
          PRIMARY KEY (`book_typeID`),
          INDEX `fk_product_types_products1_idx` (`books_bookID` ASC, `books_book_prices_book_priceID` ASC, `books_book_types_book_typeID` ASC),
          INDEX `fk_product_types_batches1_idx` (`batches_batchID` ASC),
          CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_books1`
            FOREIGN KEY (`books_bookID` , `books_book_prices_book_priceID` , `books_book_types_book_typeID`)
            REFERENCES `books`.`books` (`bookID` , `book_prices_book_priceID` , `book_types_book_typeID`)
            ON DELETE NO ACTION
            ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
          CONSTRAINT `fk_book_types_batches1`
            FOREIGN KEY (`batches_batchID`)
            REFERENCES `books`.`batches` (`batchID`)
            ON DELETE NO ACTION
            ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
        ENGINE = InnoDB

SQL script execution finished: statements: 11 succeeded, 1 failed

【问题讨论】：

代码是workbench生成的还是你自己写的？如果是工作台，请确保服务器和工作台之间的版本匹配，因为我觉得它会创建无效代码很奇怪。
另一方面，为什么要链接 book 和 transaction_types？这不是必需的，因为通过链接事务本身，您可以推断出类型。这可能是问题的根源......？而且这样的设置不尊重 2NF，因为交易的类型没有定义一本书，它定义了一个交易。该评论适用于许多其他领域（例如 storagedistribution）。将至少 1,2 和 3 个范式应用于您的模型。

标签： mysql foreign-keys mysql-workbench diagram entity-relationship-model

【解决方案1】：

FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`, `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)
    REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`, `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)

假设您有充分的理由将transaction_typeID 存储在books 表中，尽管它在功能上依赖于transactionID。任何外键约束都需要在两个表（引用/子和引用/父）中都有一个索引，以支持约束检查。

如果在子表（books）中没有找到支持索引，引擎将创建一个。这就是为什么你有以下索引：

INDEX `fk_books_transactions1_idx` (
    `transactions_transactionID` ASC,
    `transactions_transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC
)

但是引擎不会在父表（transactions）中创建索引。您已经拥有的索引是：

PRIMARY KEY (`transactionID`),
INDEX `fk_transactions_transaction_types1_idx` (`transaction_types_transaction_typeID` ASC),

它们都不支持 FK 约束。所以需要在transactions表中定义一个新的索引：

INDEX (`transactionID`, `transaction_types_transaction_typeID`)

但是 - 这是一个非规范化的设计，如果你有充分的理由，这并不是什么坏事，因为一致性是由 FK 约束强制执行的。但是，如果您不知道将 transaction_typeID 存储在 books 表中的充分理由，您应该删除它并将 FK 约束更改为

FOREIGN KEY (`transactions_transactionID`) REFERENCES `books`.`transactions` (`transactionID`)

现在它引用父表的主键。这是外键的基本设计，约束由PRIMARY KEY（索引）支持。

【讨论】：

我已经按照规范化的方式从表books和batch_transaction中删除了transaction_typeID。现在，同样的错误适用于表 book_types，正如在编辑 1 中看到的那样（带有 SQL 脚本和错误）
@GoncaloPeres 在基本设计中，您应该只引用“父”表的主键。并且可能应该重新考虑整个设计。我不认为books 是book_types 的父表。通常情况正好相反。
我最终更改了图表，重新考虑了关系，现在一切正常运行（并且正向工程没有给出任何错误）。
@GoncaloPeres 我的回答是关于由于复合外键在父表中没有相应索引而导致的特定错误。您可能混淆了关系方向的事实是另一回事。我很高兴您可以修复它，但不需要在此答案中处理。你可以写下你自己的答案并接受它——我不会抱怨的。

【解决方案2】：

通过更新图中的关系解决了问题。

第一个图是非规范化的，如果有理由，这不一定是坏事（一致性由 FK 约束强制执行）。

我最终只引用了“父”表的 PK，因为 _types 表是父表。

最终图：

【讨论】：