我相信有一个中间交换变量是最好的做法:
update z set c1 = @c := c1, c1 = c2, c2 = @c
首先,它始终有效;其次,无论数据类型如何,它都能正常工作。
尽管两者兼而有之
update z set c1 = c1 ^ c2, c2 = c1 ^ c2, c1 = c1 ^ c2
和
update z set c1 = c1 + c2, c2 = c1 - c2, c1 = c1 - c2
正常工作,顺便只针对数字数据类型,防止溢出是你的责任,你不能在有符号和无符号之间使用XOR,你也不能使用sum来溢出可能性。
和
update z set c1 = c2, c2 = @c where @c := c1
不工作
如果 c1 是 0 或 NULL 或零长度字符串或只是空格。
我们需要把它改成
update z set c1 = c2, c2 = @c where if((@c := c1), true, true)
这是脚本:
mysql> create table z (c1 int, c2 int)
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into z values(0, 1), (-1, 1), (pow(2, 31) - 1, pow(2, 31) - 2)
-> ;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 0 | 1 |
| -1 | 1 |
| 2147483647 | 2147483646 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> update z set c1 = c1 ^ c2, c2 = c1 ^ c2, c1 = c1 ^ c2;
ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'c1' at row 2
mysql> update z set c1 = c1 + c2, c2 = c1 - c2, c1 = c1 - c2;
ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'c1' at row 3
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 0 | 1 |
| 1 | -1 |
| 2147483646 | 2147483647 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> update z set c1 = c2, c2 = @c where @c := c1;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 0 | 1 |
| -1 | 1 |
| 2147483647 | 2147483646 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 1 | 0 |
| 1 | -1 |
| 2147483646 | 2147483647 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update z set c1 = @c := c1, c1 = c2, c2 = @c;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 0 | 1 |
| -1 | 1 |
| 2147483647 | 2147483646 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>update z set c1 = c2, c2 = @c where if((@c := c1), true, true);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from z;
+------------+------------+
| c1 | c2 |
+------------+------------+
| 1 | 0 |
| 1 | -1 |
| 2147483646 | 2147483647 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)