Spring WebClient：如何将大字节 [] 流式传输到文件？

Question

似乎 Spring RestTemplate 无法将响应直接流式传输到文件而不将其全部缓冲在内存中。使用较新的 Spring 5 WebClient 实现此目的的正确方法是什么？

WebClient client = WebClient.create("https://example.com");
client.get().uri(".../{name}", name).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
                    ....?

我看到人们使用RestTemplate 找到了解决此问题的一些解决方法/技巧，但我更感兴趣的是使用WebClient 以正确的方式解决问题。

使用RestTemplate 下载二进制数据的例子很多，但几乎都将byte[] 加载到内存中。

Answer 1

使用最近稳定的 Spring WebFlux（撰写时为 5.2.4.RELEASE）：

final WebClient client = WebClient.create("https://example.com");
final Flux<DataBuffer> dataBufferFlux = client.get()
        .accept(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
        .retrieve()
        .bodyToFlux(DataBuffer.class); // the magic happens here

final Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath("target/example.html");
DataBufferUtils
        .write(dataBufferFlux, path, CREATE_NEW)
        .block(); // only block here if the rest of your code is synchronous

对我来说，不明显的部分是 bodyToFlux(DataBuffer.class)，因为它目前在 Spring 文档的 generic section about streaming 中提到，在 WebClient 部分中没有直接引用它。

Answer 2

将正文存储到临时文件并使用

static <R> Mono<R> writeBodyToTempFileAndApply(
        final WebClient.ResponseSpec spec,
        final Function<? super Path, ? extends R> function) {
    return using(
            () -> createTempFile(null, null),
            t -> write(spec.bodyToFlux(DataBuffer.class), t)
                    .thenReturn(function.apply(t)),
            t -> {
                try {
                    deleteIfExists(t);
                } catch (final IOException ioe) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(ioe);
                }
            }
    );
}

管体和消耗

static <R> Mono<R> pipeBodyAndApply(
        final WebClient.ResponseSpec spec, final ExecutorService executor,
        final Function<? super ReadableByteChannel, ? extends R> function) {
    return using(
            Pipe::open,
            p -> {
                final Future<Disposable> future = executor.submit(
                        () -> write(spec.bodyToFlux(DataBuffer.class), p.sink())
                                .log()
                                .doFinally(s -> {
                                    try {
                                        p.sink().close();
                                        log.debug("p.sink closed");
                                    } catch (final IOException ioe) {
                                        throw new RuntimeException(ioe);
                                    }
                                })
                                .subscribe(DataBufferUtils.releaseConsumer())
                );
                return just(function.apply(p.source()))
                        .log()
                        .doFinally(s -> {
                            try {
                                final Disposable disposable = future.get();
                                assert disposable.isDisposed();
                            } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        });
            },
            p -> {
                try {
                    p.source().close();
                    log.debug("p.source closed");
                } catch (final IOException ioe) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(ioe);
                }
            }
    );
}

Answer 3

我不确定您在当前使用 spring 时是否可以访问RestTemplate，但这个对我有用。

RestTemplate restTemplate // = ...;

RequestCallback requestCallback = request -> request.getHeaders()
        .setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, MediaType.ALL));

// Streams the response
ResponseExtractor<Void> responseExtractor = response -> {
    // Here I write the response to a file but do what you like
    Path path = Paths.get("http://some/path");
    Files.copy(response.getBody(), path);
    return null;
};
restTemplate.execute(URI.create("www.something.com"), HttpMethod.GET, requestCallback, responseExtractor);

Answer 4

我无法测试以下代码是否有效地将webClient 有效负载的内容缓存在内存中。不过，我认为你应该从那里开始：

public Mono<Void> testWebClientStreaming() throws IOException {
    Flux<DataBuffer> stream = 
            webClient
                    .get().accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
                    .retrieve()
            .bodyToFlux(DataBuffer.class);
    Path filePath = Paths.get("filename");
    AsynchronousFileChannel asynchronousFileChannel = AsynchronousFileChannel.open(filePath, WRITE);
    return DataBufferUtils.write(stream, asynchronousFileChannel)
            .doOnNext(DataBufferUtils.releaseConsumer())
            .doAfterTerminate(() -> {
                try {
                    asynchronousFileChannel.close();
                } catch (IOException ignored) { }
            }).then();
}