我觉得以下几点令人不安，因此我已经解决了这些问题并找到了适合我的解决方案：
-
GetActiveObject("VisualStudio.DTE.10.0") 仅适用于第一次打开的（我想）Visual Studio
- Dennis 回答的
internal static DTE2 GetCurrent() 方法需要Visual Studio 进程ID。如果您从加载项运行代码（我认为），那很好，但不起作用，例如在单元测试中。
- 调试模式中的问题
我也开始使用 GetCurrent 方法，取自 here。问题是，我不知道如何获得正确 VisualStudio 进程的 ProcessId（通常多个实例正在运行）。所以我采用的方法是获取所有 VisualStudio ROT 条目及其 DTE2，然后将 DTE2.Solution.FullName 与正在执行的程序集位置进行比较（您看到更好的选择吗？）。虽然我很容易承认这不是非常精确的科学，但如果您没有相当特殊的输出路径配置，它应该可以工作。
然后我发现在调试模式下运行我的代码并访问 DTE2 COM 对象会引发以下异常：System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException: Call was rejected by callee. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80010001 (RPC_E_CALL_REJECTED))。不过有一个补救办法，叫做MessageFilter。为了完整起见，我在底部包含了代码。
测试类包含一个测试方法（使用示例）、调整后的GetCurrent方法和一个用于字符串比较的辅助方法：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using EnvDTE80;
using EnvDTE;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;
[TestClass]
public class ProjectSettingsTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Tests that the platform for Mixed Platforms and Any CPU configurations
/// is Any CPU for all projects of this solution
/// </summary>
[TestMethod]
public void TestReleaseBuildIsAnyCPU()
{
MessageFilter.Register();
DTE2 dte2 = GetCurrent();
Assert.IsNotNull(dte2);
foreach (SolutionConfiguration2 config in dte2.Solution.SolutionBuild.SolutionConfigurations)
{
if (config.PlatformName.Contains("Mixed Platforms") || config.PlatformName.Contains("Any CPU"))
{
foreach (SolutionContext context in config.SolutionContexts)
Assert.AreEqual("Any CPU", context.PlatformName, string.Format("{0} is configured {1} in {2}/{3}", context.ProjectName, context.PlatformName, config.PlatformName, config.Name));
}
}
MessageFilter.Revoke();
}
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern void CreateBindCtx(int reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern void GetRunningObjectTable(int reserved, out IRunningObjectTable prot);
/// <summary>
/// Gets the current visual studio's solution DTE2
/// </summary>
public static DTE2 GetCurrent()
{
List<DTE2> dte2s = new List<DTE2>();
IRunningObjectTable rot;
GetRunningObjectTable(0, out rot);
IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
rot.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
enumMoniker.Reset();
IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
IMoniker[] moniker = new IMoniker[1];
while (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) == 0)
{
IBindCtx bindCtx;
CreateBindCtx(0, out bindCtx);
string displayName;
moniker[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx, null, out displayName);
// add all VisualStudio ROT entries to list
if (displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio"))
{
object comObject;
rot.GetObject(moniker[0], out comObject);
dte2s.Add((DTE2)comObject);
}
}
// get path of the executing assembly (assembly that holds this code) - you may need to adapt that to your setup
string thisPath = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
// compare dte solution paths to find best match
KeyValuePair<DTE2, int> maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(null, 0);
foreach (DTE2 dte2 in dte2s)
{
int matching = GetMatchingCharsFromStart(thisPath, dte2.Solution.FullName);
if (matching > maxMatch.Value)
maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(dte2, matching);
}
return (DTE2)maxMatch.Key;
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets index of first non-equal char for two strings
/// Not case sensitive.
/// </summary>
private static int GetMatchingCharsFromStart(string a, string b)
{
a = (a ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
b = (b ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
int matching = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length); i++)
{
if (!char.Equals(a[i], b[i]))
break;
matching++;
}
return matching;
}
}
MessageFilter 类：
/// <summary>
/// Class containing the IOleMessageFilter
/// thread error-handling functions.
/// </summary>
public class MessageFilter : IOleMessageFilter
{
// Start the filter.
public static void Register()
{
IOleMessageFilter newFilter = new MessageFilter();
IOleMessageFilter oldFilter = null;
CoRegisterMessageFilter(newFilter, out oldFilter);
}
// Done with the filter, close it.
public static void Revoke()
{
IOleMessageFilter oldFilter = null;
CoRegisterMessageFilter(null, out oldFilter);
}
//
// IOleMessageFilter functions.
// Handle incoming thread requests.
int IOleMessageFilter.HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, System.IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, System.IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo)
{
return 0; //Return the flag SERVERCALL_ISHANDLED.
}
// Thread call was rejected, so try again.
int IOleMessageFilter.RetryRejectedCall(System.IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType)
{
if (dwRejectType == 2)
// flag = SERVERCALL_RETRYLATER.
{
return 99; // Retry the thread call immediately if return >=0 & <100.
}
return -1; // Too busy; cancel call.
}
int IOleMessageFilter.MessagePending(System.IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType)
{
//Return the flag PENDINGMSG_WAITDEFPROCESS.
return 2;
}
// Implement the IOleMessageFilter interface.
[DllImport("Ole32.dll")]
private static extern int CoRegisterMessageFilter(IOleMessageFilter newFilter, out IOleMessageFilter oldFilter);
}
[ComImport(), Guid("00000016-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),
InterfaceTypeAttribute(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
interface IOleMessageFilter
{
[PreserveSig]
int HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo);
[PreserveSig]
int RetryRejectedCall(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType);
[PreserveSig]
int MessagePending(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType);
}