CocoaPods 未安装 - 错误：无法构建 gem 原生扩展

Question

Catalin 10.15.7，Xcode 12.3(12C33)，flutter 版本 1.22.4 稳定 我反复尝试使用 sudo gem install cocoapods 安装 Cocoapods，但出现错误 failed to build gem native extension

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/universal-darwin19/rbconfig.rb:229: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local/bin in PATH, mode 040777
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/json-2.5.1/ext/json/ext/generator
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20210115-11087-1nv1wqg.rb extconf.rb
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/universal-darwin19/rbconfig.rb:229: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local/bin in PATH, mode 040777
creating Makefile

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/json-2.5.1/ext/json/ext/generator
make "DESTDIR=" clean

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/json-2.5.1/ext/json/ext/generator
make "DESTDIR="
compiling generator.c
In file included from generator.c:1:
In file included from ./../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:5:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby.h:33:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found
#include "ruby/config.h"
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: note: did not find header 'config.h' in framework 'ruby' (loaded from '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks')
1 error generated.
make: *** [generator.o] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/json-2.5.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-19/2.6.0/json-2.5.1/gem_make.out

也试过用 gem update , sudo gem uninstall cocoapods , sudo gem install cocoapods 但没有帮助我，试过了 rm -rf Pods/ Podfile.lock pod install 无法在模拟器上运行我的项目

Answer 1

就我而言，以下解决方案非常适合我

如果你不记得 cocoapods 的安装过程是由 Gem 或 brew 完成的，请同时尝试 2 个卸载选项，以增加卸载确认

sudo gem uninstall cocoapods

brew uninstall cocoapods

下一步开始安装 Cocoapods

brew install cocoapods --build-from-source

brew link --overwrite cocoapods

pod setup

您还可以查看以下链接 first link, second link

Answer 2

Catalina 的内置 Ruby 对 cocoapods 来说太旧了。我通过安装 brew 的 ruby​​ 以及 cocoapods brew recipe 或新的 ruby​​ gem install 取得了成功。 （有时一个有效，有时另一个有效，永远不知道为什么。）还需要一些烦躁才能让 PATH 将 brew ruby​​ 放在无用的系统 ruby​​ 之前。呃。