即使在运行 rake assets 之后，生产错误“application.css 未预编译”：预编译没有错误

Question

由于最长时间的预编译错误，我无法部署我的 rails 项目。找到了一个清除 cap deploy 错误的脚本，但是现在生产中的 Rails 抛出 500 并说 application.css 没有预编译。

这里是纲要：

设置 - Ruby 2.0.0p0、Rails 3.2.13、Twitter-Bootstrap、Capistrano 通过Passenger 和 Nginx 部署到 VPS

原始命令：

cap deploy

错误：

* executing "cd -- /var/www/scotch/releases/20130320194644 && /home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/bin/bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=production RAILS_GROUPS=assets assets:precompile && cp -- /var/www/scotch/shared/assets/manifest.yml /var/www/scotch/releases/20130320194644/assets_manifest.yml"
servers: ["198.211.112.227"]
[198.211.112.227] executing command
** [out :: 198.211.112.227] rake aborted!
** [out :: 198.211.112.227] FATAL:  role "deploy" does not exist

我的deploy.rb 文件：

require "rvm/capistrano"
require "bundler/capistrano"
set :bundle_cmd, "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/bin/bundle"
set :bundle_dir, "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems"

set :rvm_ruby_string, :local
set :application, "scotch"
set :user, 'deploy'
set :domain, '198.211.112.227'
set :applicationdir, "/var/www/scotch"

set :scm, 'git'
set :repository,  "ssh://deploy@198.211.112.227/var/www/scotch.git"
#set :git_enable_submodules, 1 # if you have vendored rails
set :scm_passphrase, ""
set :branch, 'master'
set :git_shallow_clone, 1
set :scm_verbose, true

# roles (servers)
role :web, domain
role :app, domain
role :db,  domain, :primary => true

# deploy config
set :deploy_to, applicationdir
set :deploy_via, :export

# additional settings
default_run_options[:pty] = true  # Forgo errors when deploying from windows
 ssh_options[:keys] = %w(/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa)            # If you are using ssh_keysset :chmod755, "app config db lib public vendor script script/* public/disp*"set :use_sudo, false

# Passenger
namespace :deploy do
  task :start do ; end
  task :stop do ; end
  task :restart, :roles => :app, :except => { :no_release => true } do
    run "#{try_sudo} touch #{File.join(current_path,'tmp','restart.txt')}"
  end
end

Capfile：

load 'deploy'
# Uncomment if you are using Rails' asset pipeline
load 'deploy/assets'
load 'config/deploy' # remove this line to skip loading any of the default tasks

Application.rb 包括：

config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = false

根据 StackOverflow 上的说明：rake assets:precompile attempting to connect to database

Database.yml 是为生产数据库设置的。数据库迁移就好了等等。

目前只是跟着这个并添加了脚本： Speed up assets:precompile with Rails 3.1/3.2 Capistrano deployment

预编译在 VPS 上工作并使用 --trace 在本地运行：

rake RAILS_ENV=production RAILS_GROUPS=assets assets:precompile

它部署得很好，但现在我的应用程序正在提供“我们很抱歉，但出了点问题”。我的 production.log 给了我这个错误：

ActionView::Template::Error (application.css isn't precompiled):
4:     %meta{:content => "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0", :name => "viewport"}

app/assets/stylesheets/application.css.scss

.content {
background-color: #eee;
padding: 20px;
margin: 0 -20px; /* negative indent the amount of the padding to maintain the grid system */
-webkit-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
 border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
 box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
 }

编辑 - 显示新错误： 出于某种原因，现在它甚至没有达到这一点，我的 production.log 文件显示了这一点，即使 rake db:migrate 在生产中工作正常并且 database.yml 都是正确的：

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::Error: ERROR:  permission denied for relation     reviews
: SELECT  "reviews".* FROM "reviews"  LIMIT 30 OFFSET 0):
app/models/review.rb:10:in `search'
app/controllers/reviews_controller.rb:6:in `index'

Answer 1

我建议将您的 css 代码从清单文件 application.css 移到（例如）custom.css.scss 中。在清单文件中，您必须声明您想在应用程序中使用的 css assets，如下所示：

*= require_self
*= require your_assets

您可以在this Rails Guide 中找到有关资产管道管理的更多详细信息。