应用程序未在免费 heroku 帐户中运行答案

【问题标题】：Application not running in free heroku account应用程序未在免费 heroku 帐户中运行
【发布时间】：2017-01-25 00:50:13
【问题描述】：

我有一个免费的 heroku 帐户，我在其中部署了我的 rails 应用程序。我还启用了 redis heroku 插件。我的应用程序会抓取网站，在我的本地环境中需要 93 分钟才能完成。所以我决定把它放在后台任务中并在那里运行。我按照一些教程让后台任务在免费的 Heroku 帐户中运行，所以我使用了独角兽服务器。在本地测试它时，我的应用程序运行良好，但是一旦我将它部署到 heroku 并浏览我的项目站点，它就不起作用了。这是来自heroku log

的结果

2016-09-16T17:40:40.934711+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.943447+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.943337 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 13987 exit 1> worker=2
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951820+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.946468 #13992] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951822+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951824+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951824+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951825+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951826+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951826+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951827+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951828+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.951829+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.961433+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.961347 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 13992 exit 1> worker=1
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966761+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.953957 #13996] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966764+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966765+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966766+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966767+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966767+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966768+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966769+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966770+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.966771+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968861+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.944646 #13990] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968863+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968864+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968865+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968866+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968867+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968872+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968871+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968873+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977007+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.976925 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 13990 exit 1> worker=0
2016-09-16T17:40:40.968873+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977910+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.965528 #13999] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977913+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.977919+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.981913+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.981796 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 13996 exit 1> worker=2
2016-09-16T17:40:40.982020+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.981968 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 13999 exit 1> worker=1
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998699+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.985434 #14004] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998703+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998704+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998705+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998706+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998707+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998708+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998708+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998709+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:40.998710+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013015+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.012891 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 14004 exit 1> worker=0
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013269+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.992746 #14009] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013271+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013272+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013272+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013273+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013274+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013275+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013276+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013276+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.013277+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015082+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:40.991259 #14006] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015083+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015084+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015085+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015086+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015087+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015088+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015086+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015088+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.015089+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029456+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.019600 #14013] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029459+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029461+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029462+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029461+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029462+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029464+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029464+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029465+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.029466+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.033517+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.032905 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 14006 exit 1> worker=1
2016-09-16T17:40:41.033606+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.033566 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 14009 exit 1> worker=2
2016-09-16T17:40:41.034410+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.034370 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 14013 exit 1> worker=0
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067342+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.057962 #14018] ERROR -- : uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Unicorn::Configurator:0x007f7b03390af0>>::Sidekiq (NameError)
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067346+00:00 app[web.1]: ./config/unicorn.rb:7:in `block in reload'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067347+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:611:in `init_worker_process'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067347+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:639:in `worker_loop'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067348+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:508:in `spawn_missing_workers'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067349+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:519:in `maintain_worker_count'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067349+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:283:in `join'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067350+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/unicorn-5.1.0/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067351+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.067352+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2016-09-16T17:40:41.077263+00:00 app[web.1]: E, [2016-09-16T17:40:41.077156 #3] ERROR -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 14018 exit 1> worker=1

这是我的独角兽配置

独角兽.rb

before_fork do |server, worker|
   @sidekiq_pid ||= spawn("bundle exec sidekiq -c 2")
end

worker_processes 3
after_fork do |server, worker|
  Sidekiq.configure_client do |config|
    config.redis = { :size => 1 }
  end
  Sidekiq.configure_server do |config|
    config.redis = { :size => 5 }
  end
end

Procfile

web: bundle exec unicorn -p $PORT -E $RACK_ENV -c ./config/unicorn.rb

【问题讨论】：

我会考虑使用 Heroku 的任务调度程序并将后台抓取工具设置为在 rake 任务中运行（比使用 sidekiq 简单得多）。然后只需使用正确的 Procfile 就可以了。此外，您不需要在 Heroku 上使用 RedisToGo，因为他们的调度程序将通过 rake 执行它。如果您想完整地写下如何走这条路，请告诉我，我会发布答案。
嗨@bkunzi01，在阅读了 Herokus task scheduler I found out Anything 上的文档后，任何需要超过几分钟才能完成的事情都应该使用工作测功机来运行。`关于这个。我的爬虫需要 93 分钟才能完全运行，所以任务调度程序会帮我解决这个问题吗？
@bkunzi01 ，你好，如果你不介意，你能把完整的文章贴出来吗？
没有问题。接听来电

标签： ruby-on-rails heroku sidekiq unicorn

【解决方案1】：

首先，设置您的 procfile 以正确利用工作人员 dynos（我使用 puma for web 进行更改以反映您的独角兽设置）：

web: bundle exec puma -C config/puma.rb
worker: bundle exec rake jobs:work

现在，创建 rake 任务非常简单。打开你的 lib/tasks 文件夹并添加一个名为“scraper.rake”的文件。这是您要放置运行刮板的代码的地方。由于您没有显示您的刮板代码，因此我添加了一些我的代码，因此您有一个示例。首先，需要运行刮板所需的任何外部文件或配置。然后将所有内容包装在名称空间中（我选择 :daily），但您可以选择任何内容来帮助使其更具描述性。然后，任务行应该被完全复制。 ":environment do" 部分只是告诉 Rails 使用模型和环境。在运行 rake 时。

require 'capybara/poltergeist'

namespace :daily do

  desc "Scrapes hourly for much needed dataaaaa"
  task :scrape => :environment do
    Capybara.register_driver(:poltergeist) { |app| Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, {js_errors: true, inspector: true, debug: false})}  #, extensions: ["vendor/poltergeist/phantom_config.js"]}) }
    Capybara.default_max_wait_time = 12
    Capybara.default_driver = :poltergeist  # configure Capybara to use poltergeist as the driver
    Capybara.javascript_driver = :poltergeist
    Capybara.current_driver = :poltergeist
    @session = Capybara.current_session

    EnvisionAccount.find_each do |envision_account|
     # account = Scraper::HourlyScraper.new
      daily_sign_in(envision_account)
    end
  end    
end

一旦你的代码设置成这样，你就可以从命令行运行你的爬虫了：bundle exec rake daily:scrape 如果一切正常，你只需要进入 Heroku，添加调度器插件，然后告诉它运行那个 rake 命令你需要的任何间隔。另请注意，如果您使用 capybara 和 poltergeist 进行抓取，Heroku 需要一个 buildpack，因此请运行以下命令：

heroku buildpacks:add --index 1 https://github.com/stomita/heroku-buildpack-phantomjs

享受

【讨论】：