Ruby/Rails：您如何自定义 Devise 的邮件模板？

Question

我已经为我的 Rails 应用程序 (3.0.1) 安装了 Devise，它大部分都在工作。我只是似乎无法自定义邮件视图。

• 我的用户模型是“用户”。
• 设计控制器（我需要覆盖它以便我可以告诉控制器要使用的布局文件）在app/controllers/users/ 中，就像app/controllers/users/sessions_controller.rb
• 设计视图（我已编辑）在app/views/users/ 中，就像app/views/users/registrations/new.html.haml
• 这是我的路线文件的设计部分：

devise_for :users, :controllers => { :sessions => "用户/会话", :registrations => "用户/注册", :passwords => "用户/密码", :confirmations => "用户/确认", :unlocks => "用户/解锁" } 做 获取“/登录”=>“设计/会话#new” 获取“/注销”=>“设计/会话#destroy” 结尾

至少上面的一切都有效。但是，在发送邮件时，Devise 使用的模板似乎不是我在app/views/users/mailer/ 编辑过的模板。设计似乎仍然选择默认的（好像我从未编辑过文件）。我猜 Devise 仍然使用 gem 中的文件。

如果有帮助，这里是 Cucumber 错误：

Feature: Manage accounts
  In order to manage accounts
  users
  should be able to signup

  # By default, www.example.com is the host when testing.
  # This is a problem because when our site searches for the domain example.com, it cant find any.
  # Therefore we must either set our testing domain to one of our choosing (and mention that in the routes), or create a domain example.com
  # I prefer the first option.
  Scenario: Signing up and resetting the password                                                                      # features/manage_accounts.feature:10
    Given I am on the login page                                                                                       # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:19
    When I follow "Sign up"                                                                                            # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:33
    And I fill in "Login" with "bobrobcom"                                                                             # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:39
    And I fill in "Email" with "my@email.com"                                                                          # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:39
    And I fill in "Password" with "123456"                                                                             # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:39
    And I fill in "Password confirmation" with "123456"                                                                # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:39
    And I press "Sign up"                                                                                              # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:27
    Then I should see "Your account has been created. A confirmation was sent to your e-mail."               # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:107
    And I should receive an email                                                                                      # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:51
    When I open the email                                                                                              # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:72
    Then I should see "Welcome bobrobcom!" in the email body                                                           # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:96
      expected "<p>Welcome my@email.com!</p>\n\n<p>You can confirm your account through the link below:</p>\n\n<p><a href=\"http://stils.dev/users/confirmation?confirmation_token=d9ZXliqfTArb2cNmwPzL\">Confirm my account</a></p>\n" to include "Welcome bobrobcom!" (RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError)
      ./features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:97:in `/^(?:I|they) should see "([^"]*?)" in the email body$/'
      features/manage_accounts.feature:21:in `Then I should see "Welcome bobrobcom!" in the email body'
    When I follow "Confirm my account"                                                                                 # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:33
    Then I should see "Your account was successfully confirmed. You are now signed in."                                # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:107
    When I log out                                                                                                     # features/step_definitions/user_steps.rb:9
    And I go to the reset password page                                                                                # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:23
    And I fill in "Email" with "my@email.com"                                                                          # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:39
    And I press "Send me reset password instructions"                                                                  # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:27
    Then I should see "You will receive an email with instructions about how to reset your password in a few minutes." # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:107
    And I should receive an email                                                                                      # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:51
    When I open the email                                                                                              # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:72
    Then I should see "Hello bobrobcom!" in the email body                                                             # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:96
    When I follow "Change my password" in the email                                                                    # features/step_definitions/email_steps.rb:166
    Then I should see "Set your new password"                                                                          # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:107

Failing Scenarios:
cucumber features/manage_accounts.feature:10 # Scenario: Signing up and resetting the password

还有 app/views/users/confirmation_instructions.erb：

<p>Welcome <%= @resource.login %>!</p>

<p>You can confirm your account through the link below:</p>

<p><%= link_to 'Confirm my account', confirmation_url(@resource, :confirmation_token => @resource.confirmation_token) %></p>

另外，如果有帮助，这里是我覆盖的控制器：

| | |~users/
| | | |-confirmations_controller.rb
| | | |-passwords_controller.rb
| | | |-registrations_controller.rb
| | | |-sessions_controller.rb
| | | `-unlocks_controller.rb

我该如何解决这个问题？

谢谢！

Answer 1

我认为您需要自己管理设计视图。在控制台中尝试以下操作：

rails generate devise:views

这将生成 Devise 使用的所有视图（包括邮件模板），您现在可以对其进行自定义。

您要查找的邮件程序应位于“app/views/devise/mailer”中

如果您想生成范围视图，或者只生成其中的一个子集，这也是可能的。根据https://github.com/plataformatec/devise#configuring-views 的文档：

您还可以使用生成器生成范围视图：

rails generate devise:views users

如果您只想生成几组视图，例如可注册和可确认模块的视图，您可以使用 -v 标志将模块列表传递给生成器。

rails generate devise:views -v registrations confirmations

Answer 2

试试这个：

rails generate devise:views

Answer 3

根据devise's docs

你应该编辑你的 config/initializers/devise.rb:

config.scoped_views = true

（默认注释）

通过这样做，您可以为不同的模型而不是全局设计自定义视图。

Answer 4

按资源名称

生成视图

rails generate devise:views users

通过recoverable的模块生成指定视图

rails generate devise:views users -v passwords

仅生成指定的邮件视图

rails generate devise:views users -v mailer 

更多详情generate views

Answer 5

如果您有兴趣不使用 Devise 的默认 ActionMailer 用法，而是希望通过 SendGrid、Mailgun 或 Postmark 等服务的 API 发送自定义电子邮件，您将需要创建自定义 @ 987654325@ 是 Devise::Mailer 的子类并覆盖其“通知”方法。

这是example using Mailgun。

Answer 6

如果您只想生成电子邮件视图，可以使用：rails g devise:views [SCOPE] -v mailer。在您的情况下，[SCOPE] 是 users。

注意：我使用的是 Devise 4.7.3。