一个或多个实体的验证失败。有关更多详细信息，请参阅“EntityValidationErrors”属性。 ASP.NET MVC

Question

我遇到了标题所示的错误。我试图寻找解决方案，但我得到的只是关于使用try catch 代码块的解决方案。

我一直在使用我制作的课程文档来指导我做这个项目，但是我这次遇到的错误，我不知道哪个部分出了问题以及如何检查错误的部分。

我用// strange cmets 评论了两部分，这意味着我不知道错误发生在哪里或类似的地方。

感谢您阅读我的问题。

这是我的 PetRescued 模型

public class PetRescued
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(255)]
    public string PetName { get; set; }

    public int PetAge { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(6)]
    public string PetGender { get; set; }

    public short PetWeightInKg { get; set; }

    public DateTime DateWhenRescued { get; set; }

    public PetSpecies PetSpecies { get; set; }

    public byte PetSpeciesId { get; set; }

}

这是我的 PetRescued 控制器

 public ActionResult New() //populate form
    {
        var petspecies = _context.PetSpecieses.ToList();

        var viewModel = new PetRescuedViewModel
        {
            PetSpecies = petspecies
        };

        return View("PetRescued", viewModel);
    }

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Save(PetRescued petRescued)
{
    if (petRescued.Id == 0)
        _context.PetRescueds.Add(petRescued);
    else
    {
        var petRescuedInDb = _context.PetRescueds.Single(c => c.Id == petRescued.Id);
        petRescuedInDb.PetName = petRescued.PetName;
        petRescuedInDb.PetAge = petRescued.PetAge;
        petRescuedInDb.PetGender = petRescued.PetGender;
        petRescuedInDb.PetWeightInKg = petRescued.PetWeightInKg;
        petRescuedInDb.PetSpeciesId = petRescued.PetSpeciesId; //strange
        petRescuedInDb.DateWhenRescued = petRescued.DateWhenRescued;
     }

    _context.SaveChanges();
    return RedirectToAction("Index", "PetRescued");
}

这是我的 PetRescued ViewModel

public class PetRescuedViewModel
{
    public IEnumerable<PetSpecies> PetSpecies { get; set; }

    public PetRescued PetRescueds { get; set; }


    public PetRescuedViewModel()
    {
        PetRescueds = new PetRescued(); 
    }
}

这是我的 PetRescued 表格

@using (Html.BeginForm("Save", "PetRescued"))
{
<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

//strange
<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetSpecies)
    @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetSpeciesId, new SelectList(Model.PetSpecies, "Id", "SpeciesName"), "Select A Species", new {@class = "form-control"})    
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued, "{0:d MMM yyyy}", new { @class = "form-control" }) 
</div>

@Html.HiddenFor(m => m.PetRescueds.Id)
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
}

Answer 1

查看您的模型定义

// This means this value is required 
// and should not be greater than 255 characters 
[Required]
[StringLength(255)]
public string PetName { get; set; }

// This means this value is required 
// and should not be greater than 6 characters 
[Required]
[StringLength(6)]
public string PetGender { get; set; }

因此，要么您没有从您的客户端应用发送值，要么它大于您声明的限制。 将您的操作方法更改为此以在后端验证您的模型（您永远不应该信任客户端输入）

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Save(PetRescued petRescued)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid) // Check for errors
    {
        if (petRescued.Id == 0)
            _context.PetRescueds.Add(petRescued);
        else
        {
            var petRescuedInDb = _context.PetRescueds.Single(c => c.Id == petRescued.Id);
            petRescuedInDb.PetName = petRescued.PetName;
            petRescuedInDb.PetAge = petRescued.PetAge;
            petRescuedInDb.PetGender = petRescued.PetGender;
            petRescuedInDb.PetWeightInKg = petRescued.PetWeightInKg;
            petRescuedInDb.PetSpeciesId = petRescued.PetSpeciesId; //strange
            petRescuedInDb.DateWhenRescued = petRescued.DateWhenRescued;
         }

        _context.SaveChanges();
        return RedirectToAction("Index", "PetRescued");
    }
    else
        return View(petRescued); // Return the same view with the original data
                                 // or with the correct model of your view, at least
}

更新

更正您的视图模型以反映您的正确数据。这意味着，确保您将正确的模型发送到后端。 ASP.Net MVC 有一个叫做 Model Binding 的东西，它是用于将从客户端接收到的数据转换为 C# 模型的机制。默认情况下，它通过检测从客户端传递的值的名称并找到与模型属性的精确映射来工作。这意味着在您看来，您正在声明这一点

    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName, new { @class = "form-control" })

因此，如果您检查浏览器发送的数据，您会看到表单数据包含类似

PetRescueds.PetAge: whatever_the_client_typed

不会映射到您的模型，因为您的模型没有名为 PetRescueds 的属性和名为 PetName 的子属性，所以您的动作模型直接是 PetRescued 模型。所以要么通过直接指定名称 attr 来改变你的视图，就像这样

    @Html.TextBox("PetName", Model.PetRescueds.PetName, new { @class = "form-control" })

或者更改您的操作模型以反映您的视图模型定义。无论哪种方式，您的视图模型都应该通过您的操作和视图保持一致。否则，尽管您在视图中正确填充了空值，或者无论您在控制器操作上实际创建了什么，您最终都会在您的操作模型中收到空值，或者在视图中显示空值。

所以，基本上，检查您的模型定义。确保您使用正确的模型定义来显示在您的视图中。确保您的视图正确定义为您期望在后端控制器中接收的内容。

然后，更改视图以包含从服务器检索到的验证错误

@using (Html.BeginForm("Save", "PetRescued"))
{
<!-- This will show your errors-->
@Html.ValidationSummary()
<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName)
    <!-- Or you can show errors for each model property -->
    <!-- like this -->
    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName);
    @Html.TextBox("PetName", Model.PetRescueds.PetName, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

//strange
<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetSpecies)
    @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetSpeciesId, new SelectList(Model.PetSpecies, "Id", "SpeciesName"), "Select A Species", new {@class = "form-control"})    
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg, new { @class = "form-control" })
</div>

<div class="form-group">
    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued, "{0:d MMM yyyy}", new { @class = "form-control" }) 
</div>

@Html.HiddenFor(m => m.PetRescueds.Id)
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
}

您可以在Microsofts's 阅读有关数据验证的更多信息

Answer 2

让我们尝试解决这个问题。

首先，让我们更改您的控制器，使其能够处理模型绑定器返回的错误。

[HttpGet]
public ActionResult New() //populate form
{
    var petspecies = _context.PetSpecieses.ToList();

    var viewModel = new PetRescuedViewModel
    {
        PetSpecies = petspecies
    };

    return View("PetRescued", viewModel);
}

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Save(PetRescuedViewModel viewModel)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid) // Check for errors
    {
        if (petRescued.Id == 0)
            _context.PetRescueds.Add(petRescued);
        else
        {
            var petRescuedInDb = _context.PetRescueds.Single(c => c.Id == petRescued.Id);
            petRescuedInDb.PetName = viewModel.PetRescued.PetName;
            petRescuedInDb.PetAge = viewModel.PetRescued.PetAge;
            petRescuedInDb.PetGender = viewModel.PetRescued.PetGender;
            petRescuedInDb.PetWeightInKg = viewModel.PetRescued.PetWeightInKg;
            petRescuedInDb.PetSpeciesId = viewModel.PetRescued.PetSpeciesId; //strange
            petRescuedInDb.DateWhenRescued = viewModel.PetRescued.DateWhenRescued;
        }

        _context.SaveChanges();
        return RedirectToAction("Index", "PetRescued");
    }

    viewModel.PetSpecies = _context.PetSpecieses.ToList();  // populate the list again as the contents are lost when the form is submitted.

    return View("PetRescued", viewModel); // validation errors found, so redisplay the same view
}

然后，更改视图以显示错误。我们基本上是在做this 回答建议的事情。

@using (Html.BeginForm("Save", "PetRescued"))
{
    // Displays a summary of all the errors.
    @Html.ValidationSummary() 

    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName)
        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName, new { @class = "form-control" })
        // Or you can add this to each property            
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetName) 
    </div>

    //strange
    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetSpecies)
        @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetSpeciesId, new SelectList(Model.PetSpecies, "Id", "SpeciesName"), "Select A Species", new {@class = "form-control"})    
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge)
        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetAge, new { @class = "form-control" })
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender)
        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetGender, new { @class = "form-control" })
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg)
        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.PetWeightInKg, new { @class = "form-control" })
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued)
        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.PetRescueds.DateWhenRescued, "{0:d MMM yyyy}", new { @class = "form-control" }) 
    </div>

    @Html.HiddenFor(m => m.PetRescueds.Id)
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
}

以上更改至少会告诉您哪些属性存在问题。

下一步是解决实际问题。如果您执行上述操作并且无法进一步弄清楚，请告诉我它是哪些属性，我会看看。

我猜是public byte PetSpeciesId { get; set; }，但让我们看看。

希望这会有所帮助。

Answer 3

您应该使用try 和catch 方法来查看哪些字段会导致“EntityValidationErrors”：

ActionResult 保存 =>

    try
    {
        _context.SaveChanges();;
    }
    catch (DbEntityValidationException ex)
    {
        var sb = new StringBuilder();

        foreach (var failure in ex.EntityValidationErrors)
        {
            sb.AppendFormat("{0} failed validation\n", failure.Entry.Entity.GetType());
            foreach (var error in failure.ValidationErrors)
            {
                sb.AppendFormat("- {0} : {1}", error.PropertyName, error.ErrorMessage);
                sb.AppendLine();
            }
        }

        throw new DbEntityValidationException(
            "Entity Validation Failed - errors follow:\n" +
            sb.ToString(), ex
            );
    }

你会知道哪些记录发生了异常。