有没有办法在每次从控制器返回 HttpNotFoundResult 时返回相同的视图？您如何指定此视图？我猜想在 web.config 中配置 404 页面可能会起作用，但我想知道是否有更好的方法来处理这个结果。
编辑/跟进：
我最终使用了在这个问题的第二个答案中找到的解决方案，并对 ASP.Net MVC 3 进行了一些微调来处理我的 404：How can I properly handle 404s in ASP.Net MVC?
【问题讨论】：
标签： asp.net asp.net-mvc-3
HttpNotFoundResult 不渲染视图。它只是将状态码设置为 404 并返回一个空结果，这对于 AJAX 之类的东西很有用，但如果你想要一个自定义的 404 错误页面，你可以throw new HttpException(404, "Not found") 它将自动在 web.config 中呈现配置的视图：
<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" redirectMode="ResponseRewrite">
<error statusCode="404" redirect="/Http404.html" />
</customErrors>
【讨论】：
HttpNotFoundResult。
此解决方案结合了 IResultFilter 和 IExceptionFilter 来捕获从操作中抛出的 HttpException 或返回的 HttpStatusCodeResult。
public class CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter: IResultFilter, IExceptionFilter
{
string viewName;
int statusCode;
public CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(HttpStatusCodeResult prototype, string viewName)
: this(prototype.StatusCode, viewName) {
}
public CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(int statusCode, string viewName) {
this.viewName = viewName;
this.statusCode = statusCode;
}
public void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext) {
HttpStatusCodeResult httpStatusCodeResult = filterContext.Result as HttpStatusCodeResult;
if (httpStatusCodeResult != null && httpStatusCodeResult.StatusCode == statusCode) {
ExecuteCustomViewResult(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext);
}
}
public void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext) {
}
public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) {
HttpException httpException = filterContext.Exception as HttpException;
if (httpException != null && httpException.GetHttpCode() == statusCode) {
ExecuteCustomViewResult(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext);
// This causes ELMAH not to log exceptions, so commented out
//filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
}
}
void ExecuteCustomViewResult(ControllerContext controllerContext) {
ViewResult viewResult = new ViewResult();
viewResult.ViewName = viewName;
viewResult.ViewData = controllerContext.Controller.ViewData;
viewResult.TempData = controllerContext.Controller.TempData;
viewResult.ExecuteResult(controllerContext);
controllerContext.HttpContext.Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
}
}
您可以注册此过滤器，指定 HttpException 的 http 状态代码或要为其显示自定义视图的具体 HttpStatusCodeResult。
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(new HttpNotFoundResult(), "Error404"));
// alternate syntax
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new CustomViewForHttpStatusResultFilter(404, "Error404"));
它处理动作中抛出或返回的异常和 HttpStatusCodeResult。它不会处理在 MVC 选择合适的操作和控制器之前发生的错误，例如以下常见问题：
要处理这些类型的 NotFound 错误，请将此解决方案与 other solutions to be found in stackoverflow. 结合使用
【讨论】：
@Darin Dimitrov 提供的有用信息表明 HttpNotFoundResult 实际上返回的是空结果。
经过一番研究。 MVC 3 的解决方法是派生所有 HttpNotFoundResult、HttpUnauthorizedResult、HttpStatusCodeResult 类并实现 new（覆盖它）HttpNotFound() 方法BaseController.
最佳实践是使用基本控制器，这样您就可以“控制”所有派生控制器。
我创建了新的HttpStatusCodeResult 类，不是从ActionResult 派生，而是从ViewResult 派生，以通过指定ViewName 属性来呈现视图或您想要的任何View。我按照原来的HttpStatusCodeResult 设置HttpContext.Response.StatusCode 和HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription 但随后base.ExecuteResult(context) 将呈现合适的视图，因为我再次派生自ViewResult。够简单吧？希望这将在 MVC 核心中实现。
在下面查看我的BaseController：
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace YourNamespace.Controllers
{
public class BaseController : Controller
{
public BaseController()
{
ViewBag.MetaDescription = Settings.metaDescription;
ViewBag.MetaKeywords = Settings.metaKeywords;
}
protected new HttpNotFoundResult HttpNotFound(string statusDescription = null)
{
return new HttpNotFoundResult(statusDescription);
}
protected HttpUnauthorizedResult HttpUnauthorized(string statusDescription = null)
{
return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(statusDescription);
}
protected class HttpNotFoundResult : HttpStatusCodeResult
{
public HttpNotFoundResult() : this(null) { }
public HttpNotFoundResult(string statusDescription) : base(404, statusDescription) { }
}
protected class HttpUnauthorizedResult : HttpStatusCodeResult
{
public HttpUnauthorizedResult(string statusDescription) : base(401, statusDescription) { }
}
protected class HttpStatusCodeResult : ViewResult
{
public int StatusCode { get; private set; }
public string StatusDescription { get; private set; }
public HttpStatusCodeResult(int statusCode) : this(statusCode, null) { }
public HttpStatusCodeResult(int statusCode, string statusDescription)
{
this.StatusCode = statusCode;
this.StatusDescription = statusDescription;
}
public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
{
if (context == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
}
context.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = this.StatusCode;
if (this.StatusDescription != null)
{
context.HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription = this.StatusDescription;
}
// 1. Uncomment this to use the existing Error.ascx / Error.cshtml to view as an error or
// 2. Uncomment this and change to any custom view and set the name here or simply
// 3. (Recommended) Let it commented and the ViewName will be the current controller view action and on your view (or layout view even better) show the @ViewBag.Message to produce an inline message that tell the Not Found or Unauthorized
//this.ViewName = "Error";
this.ViewBag.Message = context.HttpContext.Response.StatusDescription;
base.ExecuteResult(context);
}
}
}
}
要像这样在您的操作中使用：
public ActionResult Index()
{
// Some processing
if (...)
return HttpNotFound();
// Other processing
}
在 _Layout.cshtml 中（如母版页）
<div class="content">
@if (ViewBag.Message != null)
{
<div class="inlineMsg"><p>@ViewBag.Message</p></div>
}
@RenderBody()
</div>
此外，您可以使用Error.shtml 之类的自定义视图或创建新的NotFound.cshtml，就像我在代码中评论的那样，您可以为状态描述和其他解释定义视图模型。
【讨论】：
protected override void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName)
{
ViewBag.actionName = actionName;
View("Unknown").ExecuteResult(this.ControllerContext);
}
【讨论】：
这是真正的答案，它允许在单个位置完全自定义错误页面。 无需修改 web.confiog 或创建复杂的类和代码。 也适用于 MVC 5。
将此代码添加到控制器：
if (bad) {
Response.Clear();
Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
Response.Write(product + I(" Toodet pole"));
Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
//Response.ContentType = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
Response.End();
return null;
}
基于http://www.eidias.com/blog/2014/7/2/mvc-custom-error-pages
【讨论】：
如果您希望控制器中出现 httpnotfound 错误，请按照此操作
public ActionResult Contact()
{
return HttpNotFound();
}
【讨论】：