尽管有 memset，但“使用未初始化的值”

Question

我分配了一个二维数组并使用 memset 将其填充为零。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

void main() {
    int m=10;
    int n =10;
    int **array_2d;
    array_2d = (int**) malloc(m*sizeof(int*));
    if(array_2d==NULL) {
        printf("\n Could not malloc 2d array \n");
        exit(1);
    }
    for(int i=0;i<m;i++) {
        ((array_2d)[i])=malloc(n*sizeof(int));
        memset(((array_2d)[i]),0,sizeof(n*sizeof(int)));
    }


    for(int i=0; i<10;i++){
        for(int j=0; j<10;j++){
            printf("(%i,%i)=",i,j);
            fflush(stdout);
            printf("%i ", array_2d[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

之后我使用 valgrind [1] 检查内存错误。我收到以下错误：Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s) 第 24 行 (printf("%i ", array_2d[i][j]);)。我一直认为 memset 是初始化数组的函数。我怎样才能摆脱这个错误？

谢谢！

Valgrind 输出：

==3485== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==3485== Copyright (C) 2002-2009, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==3485== Using Valgrind-3.5.0-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==3485== Command: ./a.out
==3485== 
(0,0)=0 (0,1)===3485== Use of uninitialised value of size 4
==3485==    at 0x409E186: _itoa_word (_itoa.c:195)
==3485==    by 0x40A1AD1: vfprintf (vfprintf.c:1613)
==3485==    by 0x40A8FFF: printf (printf.c:35)
==3485==    by 0x8048724: main (playing_with_valgrind.c:39)
==3485== 
==3485== 
==3485== ---- Attach to debugger ? --- [Return/N/n/Y/y/C/c] ---- 
==3485== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s)
==3485==    at 0x409E18E: _itoa_word (_itoa.c:195)
==3485==    by 0x40A1AD1: vfprintf (vfprintf.c:1613)
==3485==    by 0x40A8FFF: printf (printf.c:35)
==3485==    by 0x8048724: main (playing_with_valgrind.c:39)

[1]valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes --show-reachable=yes --num-callers=20 --track-fds=yes --db-attach=yes ./a.out

[gcc-cmd]gcc -std=c99 -lm -Wall -g3 playing_with_valgrind.c

Answer 1

更改语句：

memset(((array_2d)[i]),0,sizeof(n*sizeof(int)));

到：

memset(((array_2d)[i]),0,n*sizeof(int));

你不应该在那里做sizeof。它只会返回变量类型的大小，这不是你想要的。

Answer 2

在这一行：

/* sizeof(n*sizeof(int)) retuns a value of type size_t.
   This means you are initializing only sizeof(size_t) of the array. */
memset(((array_2d)[i]),0,sizeof(n*sizeof(int)));

应该是：

memset(((array_2d)[i]),0, n*sizeof(int));