不是一个完整的答案,但至少尝试深入研究 nop 出现的原因。我坚信这是具有延迟槽的架构的错误/遗留问题(因为它是在第一个 RTL 通道中添加的 - 扩展)。
在调查中,GCC 有 2 种类型的 pass,Tree 和 RTL。要查看它们的实际效果,请准备 2 个文件夹,因为会有很多文件,noopt 和 opt,然后使用 -fdump-tree-all-raw -fdump-rtl-all 查看中间结果。 Tree pass 的最后阶段给出(noopt case):
$ cat noopt/test.c.232t.optimized
;; Function f (f, funcdef_no=0, decl_uid=1549, cgraph_uid=0, symbol_order=0)
f ()
{
<bb 2> :
gimple_call <g, NULL>
gimple_return <NULL NULL>
}
opt case (-O1) 的差异可以忽略不计:
$ diff -u noopt/test.c.232t.optimized opt/test.c.232t.optimized
--- noopt/test.c.232t.optimized 2019-09-03 14:48:02.874071927 +0200
+++ opt/test.c.232t.optimized 2019-09-03 14:48:29.550278667 +0200
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
f ()
{
- <bb 2> :
+ <bb 2> [local count: 1073741825]:
gimple_call <g, NULL>
gimple_return <NULL NULL>
RTL 传递(扩展)的第一阶段是不同的:
$ cat noopt/test.c.234r.expand
;; Function f (f, funcdef_no=0, decl_uid=1549, cgraph_uid=0, symbol_order=0)
;; Generating RTL for gimple basic block 2
try_optimize_cfg iteration 1
Merging block 3 into block 2...
Merged blocks 2 and 3.
Merged 2 and 3 without moving.
Merging block 4 into block 2...
Merged blocks 2 and 4.
Merged 2 and 4 without moving.
try_optimize_cfg iteration 2
;;
;; Full RTL generated for this function:
;;
(note 1 0 3 NOTE_INSN_DELETED)
(note 3 1 2 2 [bb 2] NOTE_INSN_BASIC_BLOCK)
(note 2 3 5 2 NOTE_INSN_FUNCTION_BEG)
(call_insn 5 2 8 2 (parallel [
(call (mem:SI (symbol_ref:DI ("g") [flags 0x41] <function_decl 0x7fbc2827a400 g>) [0 g S4 A32])
(const_int 0 [0]))
(clobber (reg:SI 1 ra))
]) "../test.c":3 -1
(nil)
(nil))
(insn 8 5 0 2 (const_int 0 [0]) "../test.c":4 -1
(nil))
与-O1 的区别只是删除了const_int 0 [0],这最终会导致nop:
$ diff -u noopt/test.c.234r.expand opt/test.c.234r.expand
--- noopt/test.c.234r.expand 2019-09-03 14:48:02.874071927 +0200
+++ opt/test.c.234r.expand 2019-09-03 14:48:29.550278667 +0200
@@ -25,12 +25,10 @@
(note 1 0 3 NOTE_INSN_DELETED)
(note 3 1 2 2 [bb 2] NOTE_INSN_BASIC_BLOCK)
(note 2 3 5 2 NOTE_INSN_FUNCTION_BEG)
-(call_insn 5 2 8 2 (parallel [
- (call (mem:SI (symbol_ref:DI ("g") [flags 0x41] <function_decl 0x7fbc2827a400 g>) [0 g S4 A32])
+(call_insn 5 2 0 2 (parallel [
+ (call (mem:SI (symbol_ref:DI ("g") [flags 0x41] <function_decl 0x7f0bdec1f400 g>) [0 g S4 A32])
(const_int 0 [0]))
(clobber (reg:SI 1 ra))
]) "../test.c":3 -1
(nil)
(nil))
-(insn 8 5 0 2 (const_int 0 [0]) "../test.c":4 -1
- (nil))