如果我们假设我们尝试更改的对象是 std::string 类型，那么我们可以使用下面显示的方法。用于随机化元素顺序的方法是模板，因此它们应该适用于您选择的类型。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <random>
template <typename T> void swap(T* a, T* b) {
T temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
// Shuffle the old fashioned way
template <typename T> void randomize(T arr[], size_t n) {
if (n == 0)
return;
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
for (size_t i = n - 1; i > 0; --i) {
size_t j = rand() % (i + 1);
swap(arr + i, arr + j);
}
}
// Shuffle the c++11 way
template <typename T> void randomize_c11(T arr[], size_t n) {
if (n == 0)
return;
std::random_device rd;
std::mt19937 g(rd());
std::shuffle(arr, arr + n, g);
}
template <typename T> void print_array(T arr[], size_t rows, size_t cols) {
std::string indent = " ";
std::cout << "[" << std::endl;
for (size_t row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
std::cout << indent << "[";
for (size_t col = 0; col < cols; ++col) {
if (col != 0)
std::cout << ", ";
std::cout << *(arr + row*cols + col);
}
std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
}
std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
std::string array[4][3] = { { "AH", "AH", "2C"},
{"2C", "3D", "3D"},
{"AAAA", "BBB", "CC"},
{"4S", "4S", "X"} };
// Convert to 1d array (a pointer)
std::string* array2 = (std::string*)array;
// Calculate the size of the array
size_t count = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0][0]);
size_t rows = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]);
size_t cols = count / rows;
// Show the 1d-array before sorting
print_array((std::string*)array, rows, cols);
// Shuffle the array the old fashioned way
randomize(array2, count);
// You can use the variable array directly and avoid using the variable array2:
// randomize((std::string *)array, count);
// You can also do it using the C++11 way:
// randomize_c11((std::string *)array, count);
// Show the array after sorting
print_array((std::string*)array, rows, cols);
return 0;
}
这是一个运行程序的例子：
请注意，使用 rand() 进行随机化的老式方法并不是最佳的。见：
Pseudo-random number generation in C++
std::random_device
关于洗牌，另请参阅：
std::random_shuffle, std::shuffle